Basketball in NS Essay -- essays research papers

Basketball was first introduced to Nova Scotia as early as 1895 but in the past thirty years the popularity of the sport has really taken off. The high up concentration of universities in the country, the tradition and esteem of the high school programs, and the continued support from a large and educated basketball game community have made the game a staple of Nova Scotia life, culminating with the capital city of Halifax becoming known as the basketball capital of Canada. When you chat about basketball in the Maritimes you can break it down into different levels of competition. There are the club systems throughout the province, the regional and provincial teams, then high school basketball, then you have to look at intercollegiate basketball, and finally pro basketball that was here for a short period of time. Another bearing of looking at how the sport has come along in the past thirty years is by focusing on the people who have been an underlying part in its development . People such as Bob Douglas, Mickey Fox, Ritchie Spears, Brian Heaney, Steve Konchalski, and Bill Robinson, who through different roles have made and continue to make an stir on basketball in this province. Others who will not be discussed as much but whose role was just as important are those who move the groundwork for all of the aforementioned. People such as Stu Aberdeen who created a legacy at Acadia University and in the process developed some of the best coaches this province has forever seen. Others like Al Yarr, Terry Symonds, and Frank Baldwin, whose tremendous efforts at the minor, high school, university, and national levels earned him the name Mr. Basketball. The foundation that was set by these people has allowed basketball to flourish in Nova Scotia on every level.In the 1970s basketball in Nova Scotia was starting to gain popularity and in the minor system, the community YMCA and the Halifax Martyrs started basketball programs that provided children with an luck to play. At the high school level the Nova Scotia School Athletic Federation took control of administering interscholastic athletics in 1971 and made many changes which improved the league. ace of the improvements was to change the provincial format to qualify eight teams instead of just four, which allowed for more excitement as underdog schools had a chance to upset higher rank t... ...st in the country the CIAU still decided that Halifax should become the host for the Final 8 tournament. The 90s brought professional basketball and along with it, increased busy in the game, as participation levels reached new heights. As we move into 2002 basketball is still very much a marquee sport in this province and its rich heritage ensures that it will be treasured for a long time to come.Young, A.J.(1988). Beyond Heroes A Sport History of Nova Scotia. Hantsport, NS Lancelot Press.Douglas, Bob. (2000). Life is a orb 50 Years of Nova Scotia Sport. Halifax, NS Links Publishing.Morrow, D. , Keyes, M., Simpson,W., Cosentino, F., & Lappage, R. (1989). A Concise History of Sport In Canada. Toronto, ON Oxford University Press.http//www.basketballns.caSaunders, C. (1993, May 2). Hoops Symonds tourney a cultural event.The Halifax everyday News, p. 29.Connolly, P. (1995, December 24). Halifax has earned the moniker of Canadas basketball capital. The Halifax Daily News.Bezanson, S. (1984, July 25). Halifax being considered for CBA franchise.The Chronicle Herald.

Essay --

In the short story The Ones Who Walk Away from the Omelas, Ursula Le Guin illustrates a community that is joyous. However, the community is torn because the character reference of their happiness is due to the choosing of an unfortunate child that resides in a basement under of the beautiful public buildings of Omelas neglected and barely ever eating. Le Guin comment that although the people of the community are very happy, they are also very well aware of what is providing them that happiness. He writes, all have a go at it the child is there They all know that it has to be there. Some of them understand why, and some do not, but they all understand that their happiness, the beauty of their city, the tenderness of their friendships, the health of their children, the wisdom of their scholars, the skill of their makers, even the copiousness of their harvest and the kindly weathers of their skies, depend wholly on this childs abominable misery (257). This unjust and cruel punishm ent this child must perish for the sake of the community causes an ethical dilemma that tears apart the community. The ethical dilemma forces the community to acknowledge their living situation and ask themselves What is more all important(p)? Their happiness or this child? Thus, they must make a choice to either walk away from the life and community they have lived in for their substantial life because their source of happiness is at the cost of a young sons life. Or, do they continue to live in Omelas and ignore the harsh conditions that this young boy is exposed to. In the story the boy is described as a six-year-old boy that is neglected, locked away in a dirty room, abused mentally and physically, and alone(Le Guin, 257). He barely has any fat on him because all he is fed is hal... ...e law, it does not mean that it is right and that we should be so ignorant to reason. In this situation, I would not be able to live with myself knowing that this one little boy is not being f ed, being kicked, and left alone to basically give out for my happiness. That is completely unacceptable. I believe that while it is innate for us to settle for comfort, we should not live a life that needs abuses someone to accomplish something. fit to the categorical imperative, one should abide what they ought to do because it manifests from the moral law. Thus, I would walk away from Omelas because all people are equal and I would not be able to view this boy as a means to my end, which is happiness. Also, if that is the only way for me to achieve happiness then it is not true happiness but superficial emotion that can easily be demolished if anything happens to the boy.

Capital Punishment Essay - Death Penalty is Socially Sanctioned Murder :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

The Death Penalty Socially Sanctioned Murder         Capital punishment is not actual punishment. Its a capital reply to a type of criminal act. It serves no purpose. When a person isexecuted, the person learns no lesson. He or she cannot say, Hey Ilearned my lesson. I surely wont do that again, for he or she is dead.         Although the word punishment is used in varying contexts, it isgenerally accepted that it is served out unpleasantly to an individual inhopes that that person learns from the punishment and, therefore, doesntrepeat the bad deed.         Good grief... So, why execute? The question is one of justification.It is wrong to deliberately kill another person, yet capital punishment (or killing) consists of doing precisely this. Cost of the Death Penalty         Capital punishment in California, as in every other state, is moreexpensive th an a manners imprisonment sentence without the opportunity ofparole. These costs are not the result of frivolous appeals but rather theresult of Constitutionally mandated safeguards that can be summarized asfollows         Juries must be given clear guidelines on sentencing, which resultin explicit provisions for what constitutes aggravating and mitigatingcircumstances. Defendants must have a dual trial--one to set up guilt orinnocence and if guilty a second trial to determine whether or not theywould get the devastation penalty. Defendants sentenced to death are grantedoversight protection in an automatic appeal to the state supreme court.         These constitutional safeguards translate into            - a more extensive jury selection map            - a four fold increase in the number of motions filed    &nb sp       - a longer, dual trial process            - more investigators and expert testimony            - more lawyers specializing in death penalty litigation            - and automatic, mandatory appeals         Since there are few defendants who will plead guilty to a capitalcharge, virtually every death penalty trial becomes a jury trial with allof the above necessary requirements and expenses. In Los Angeles County,the fit cost of capital punishment is $2,087,926. In Los Angeles County,the total cost of life imprisonment without possibility of parole is$1,448,935. General Studies         A study done by the Sacramento Bee argued that California wouldsave $90 million per year if it were to abolish the death penalty. The bonny cost of a capital trial in Texa s is $2.3 million--three times thecost to incarcerate an individual for 40 years. The average cost of acapital trial in Florida is $3.2 million. Myths and Facts Deterrence        Scientific studies have consistently failed to demonstrate thatexecutions deter people from committing crime. The respected Thorsten

Volleyball :: essays research papers

Title pulley immobilise in VolleyballDescription Blocking in Volleyball Blocking is a very important defensive aspect of volleyball at higher levels. Blocking is one of the hardest skills to learn, and does not perpetually show direct results. TheBodyBlocking in VolleyballBlocking is a very important defensive aspect of volleyball at higher levels. Blocking is one of the hardest skills to learn, and does not always show direct results. The block serves four basic functions. The first is to stop the ball, and hopefully return it to the opponents side for a point or side out. The second is to eliminate as a much of the court for the opposing hitter to hit into, also making the court easier for the back row to defend. The third is to deflect the ball up so that it can be used for an attack. The last function is to force the use of a secondary (possibly weaker) hitter, or a secondary hit such as a tip or half hit. The basics of the block begin at the feet. The feet should be parallel , about fourteen inches from the net, and about shoulder width apart. The charge should be on the inside of the feet, with more weight on the foot opposite the direction of the most likely movement. Knees should be slightly bent. Hands should always be kept at shoulder height, elbows flexed, and the forarms should be parallel to the net. Prior to jumping a half squat position should be assumed, with back straight, angle of inclination slightly to the net. Ater jumping hands should go up and slide over the net as far as possible. The arms and hands should be rigid, with thumbs up(a) and fingers spread apart. Before contact, the arms, shoulders, and hands should be turned inward to the center of the court. The body should pike. The hands should be open to surround, and try to catch the ball.There argon two main methods of movement. These include the side step and the crossover. The side step is meant for covering a short remoteness. The body stays square to the net. The foot scal elike to the direction of the movement moves first. The outer foot then follows sliding back to a shoulder width position. Setting the block involves several variables. These include the distance of the set from the net, height of the set, attacker, angle of hitters approach, what hand the hitter uses, and lastly the position of the attacking arm and elbow in relationship to the ball.

Extracurricular Activities Essay -- High School Education Essays

Extracurricular ActivitiesResearch was performed on the claim of fact that students involved in cheating(a) activities receive higher grades than those not involved in activities. This topic was studied because high school budgets are meager, and the administrations of these schools want to spend the money efficiently. Consequently, funding for outside activities may be decreased. This report examines the correlation betwixt extracurricular activities and academic performance. ScopeThe scope of the investigation only includes high school students and the relationship between their involvement in activities and their academic performance. Some collegiate level studies were used since the benefits of extracurricular activities in high school and college are the same.MethodsThree experts in contrary fields that have knowledge of this area of research were interviewed. Laura Bestler, assistant director of student activities at the Iowa State University Student Activities Center, was interviewed since she is an expert on the activities that take key on the Iowa State campus and the benefits students attain by becoming involved in activities. Matt Craft, president of the Government of the Student Body at Iowa State University, was alike interviewed because the Government of the Student Body, or GSB, supports and funds many campus activities. The intention of this component of the research was to discover wherefore the GSB finds extracurricular activities so beneficial that they choose to financially support them. Erin Fowkes, a high school counselor at Battle Creek-Ida Grove steep School in Ida Grove, Iowa, was interviewed to obtain information as to why it is important for students to participate in activ... ... do involved students get better grades? Does it matter what type of activity the student is in? Why are clubs and organizations funded by the university? How are activities a vital component of a well-rounded education?Works CitedBerson, Judith S. ( 1996, March). Stuent Perceptions of the Intercollegiate Athletic Program at a Community College. theme Presented at the Annual Convention for the National Association of Student Personnel Administrators, Atlanta, GA. ERIC Document ED404607.Bestler, Laura. Telephone Interview. 11 Oct. 1999.Craft, Matthew. Telephone Interview. 11 Oct. 1999.Fowkes, Erin. Telephone Interview. 11 Oct. 1999.Rombokas, Mary. (1995, October). High School Extracurricular Activities and College Grades. Paper Presented at the Southeastern Conference of Counseling Personnel, Jekyll Island, GA. ERIC Document ED391134.

Extracurricular Activities Essay -- High School Education Essays

Extracurricular ActivitiesResearch was performed on the claim of fact that students complicated in extracurricular activities receive higher grades than those not involved in activities. This topic was studied because high school budgets are meager, and the administrations of these schools want to spend the money efficiently. Consequently, funding for extracurricular activities may be decreased. This report examines the correlation amongst extracurricular activities and academic performance. ScopeThe scope of the investigation only includes high school students and the relationship between their involvement in activities and their academic performance. Some collegiate level studies were used since the benefits of extracurricular activities in high school and college are the same.MethodsThree experts in different fields that have knowledge of this area of explore were interviewed. Laura Bestler, assistant director of student activities at the Iowa State University Student Activiti es Center, was interviewed since she is an expert on the activities that take place on the Iowa State campus and the benefits students attain by becoming involved in activities. Matt Craft, president of the Government of the Student Body at Iowa State University, was also interviewed because the Government of the Student Body, or GSB, supports and funds many a(prenominal) campus activities. The intention of this component of the research was to discover why the GSB finds extracurricular activities so beneficial that they choose to financially support them. Erin Fowkes, a high school counselor at Battle Creek-Ida Grove High School in Ida Grove, Iowa, was interviewed to obtain information as to why it is important for students to participate in activ... ... do involved students get better grades? Does it matter what type of activity the student is in? Why are clubs and organizations funded by the university? How are activities a vital component of a well-rounded education?Works Ci tedBerson, Judith S. (1996, March). Stuent Perceptions of the Intercollegiate Athletic Program at a Community College. Paper Presented at the Annual Convention for the National railroad tie of Student Personnel Administrators, Atlanta, GA. ERIC Document ED404607.Bestler, Laura. Telephone Interview. 11 Oct. 1999.Craft, Matthew. Telephone Interview. 11 Oct. 1999.Fowkes, Erin. Telephone Interview. 11 Oct. 1999.Rombokas, Mary. (1995, October). High School Extracurricular Activities and College Grades. Paper Presented at the southeast Conference of Counseling Personnel, Jekyll Island, GA. ERIC Document ED391134.

Highlight POVs Essay

Doc. 1 Churchill wants to use United States as a model to structure a new Europe in order to incur from the World War and give power to smaller nations.Doc. 2 France obviously does not want to cooperate with Germany they fear that the new Europe would become an hypertrophied Germany.Doc. 3 Vyshinsky is clearly against the Marshall plan, for he fears that the Soviets will lose their influence in Europe under the economic and political control of the United States.Doc. 4 A Soviet propaganda that the U.S. government will implement a form of capitalist burn up in Europe, seizing everything under control.Doc. 5 Schuman believes the best approach in creating a strong economic market in Europe requires a complete unity with the elimination of any residue of hatred among the nations. Inviting Germany into constructing a new Europe would create a positive externality.Doc. 6 Coming from West Germany, he wants a merged, democratic Europe with the presence of different culture and equ ality.Doc. 7 Mcmillan believes the UK will benefit greater from favoring the trade route with its Commonwealth system than joining the EEC. However, as a finance minister, he is to a greater extent in favor of the countrys economic well-being rather than building a unified European community. Thesis is underlined

El Cairum/Cairo †the most populated city in Africa Essay

El Cairum or cognise today as Cairo ranks the most populated city in Africa with the population of 7.8 million and bedded first in the miserliness in the Middle East. Cairo demonstrates innumerous amount of culture, art, food, newly found sports, and an enrich history throughout its city. Its known for its tourism, multi-culture, and astonishing citys sights. Which I found all to be authentically true. If you were to live in Cairo, then first you might notice a significant difference in the climate. First of all, if youre use to a temperature climate with an average humidity then youll surely find a melodramatic change in Cairos climate.Cairos climate is a desert climate therefore it has extremely dry seasons, very exact amount of rain, and high temperature. However, since the city is along the Nile River, it has high humidity, harsh flooding during heavy rainfall, and frequent windstorms. So if youre not a person who handles fondness very well it might not be the place to go to. Also, it has a rich geography which multiple locations. Cairo is located in northern Egypt and along the Nile River as stated before but its also south of the Mediterranean Sea and west of the Gulf of Suez. At first, Cairo was underdeveloped its cities eastern but since they ran out of space to continue western thus having develop an underground water sewage system to feed the western component part of the city.Most skyscrapers are located in the greenish area boarding the Nile River giving it a unique skyline. Anyhow, since Cairo is a city and is among Africas largest city and Egypts capital its infrastructure is enormous. It has a well-structure education system with multiple universities including Al Azhar University, Cairo University, American University in Cairo, and Higher Technological Institute. Their healths structure it by far the most advance level of medical care in the country. Also having degrees in medical care in some of the cities universities. Transportation in Cairo is also a well built system. With having multiple of transports such as the road network, rail system, subway system, and maritime services.However it can raise overcrowded during rush hour. Moreover, Cairo delivers Egypts 90% of overall culture making it the main attraction for tourism. Its also famous for places like the Cairo opera House, Khedivial Opera House, Cairo International Film Festival, and the Cairo Geniza. All associated to be over centuries of years old. Thus, making Cairo have a large economy with tourism. So it isnt hard to find a job in Cairo if youre ever willing to stay. But if you just dropping by, I suggest you go to the Cairo Tower for the most spectacular view of Cairo or you can drop by one of their tons of mosques or visit the Egyptian Museums. It sure is better than an ordinary test book too. Only thing you might want to look out for in Egypt is the befoulment since its currently the main issue in Cairo other than that, its a great place to vi sit.

Food Memoir Essay

Eating it as soon as it gets come out of the oven is an dreaded experience. The elation increased inside me as soon as I started to smell the juicy scorched wimp. Suddenly, it feels like a irresistible need to snap bean a bite of it right away. Obviously you cant resist it, so you cut a piece of it and eat it. The crunchy sensition of the baked food gpelting exclusively around the chicken is wonderful, but not only the texture felt entire, the gooey of the sugar that comes with the cornflake make it taste like glory. The sweet change integrity with the salt of the seasonings is an incredible party inside the mouth.Adding a delicious bowl of baked potatoes with bechamel sauces makes the dish even better. I always love to mend and be creative while cooking preparing different kind of dishes with different seasons, all natural most of the time. Cooking is not just about following recipes and discharge by the cooking book. Instead its about being able to mix different seasoni ngs to create the perfect taste. The history behind this invention comes from the leave out of resources to prepare a decent dish. It was a quite night like tonight, listening to John Mayer and my roommate and I were really hungry.Then we looked at the icebox and cabinets to see what we could cook but we only found chicken, tomatoes, garlic, salt and pepper. Having all those seasons and been tired of eating grill chicken I decided to make it baked crunchy chicken, but sadly there wasnt any ground bread and I figured it out late so the only thing that I could use was the cereal. So that is how it happened, a happy mistake. I used cornflakes instead of bread crumbs for the baked chicken. At the time I started to prepare the chicken, two girls came in looking for us.They reaction was priceless they screamed Oh my god You guys are crazy at us. My roommate after he laughed for few seconds he told them that it was going to taste good and that they will want me to cook for them after th ey taste it. The girls said ok and stayed in our apartment all night with us having fun. While the chicken was in the oven, I put some potatoes to boil. Then when the potatoes were cooked, I brisk bechamel sauces. I took a bowl with all the potatoes and I let the bechamel sauces rain over it.Then I put the bowl inside the oven with the chicken as well. In the meantime, I sat down between the two girls and we talked about something special. That happened later that night. When it was time to take the chicken and the potatoes out of the oven, we all went to the kitchen to see how it looks like. First I took out the chicken and placed on the dinner table, and then I go back to the kitchen to take out the potatoes as well. When I come back from the kitchen, I found that my friends had already eaten one chicken to taste it in like 8 seconds.I told them that they attacked the chicken too fast. Therefore one of the girls said to me that it was really good, that the sugar on the chicken w as delicious. We sat on the table, each of us four with 2 boneless Baked Cereal Crunchy Chicken, with baked potatoes doused in bechamel sauce and many very coolness coke cans. The coke cans were so cold that I had to use my can handler while the others used a can bag that we have. Those 15 to 30 minutes that we were eating on the table, became a good memory to our brains and especially to our tongues.Even though, that like five other people came to the apartment to check out our dinner and ate from our food, it was a good. They find out about it because the girls posted some pictures on instagram. Every single people who tasted the food, at the beginning when they saying what was it, they were all like Cornflakes with Chicken? However they all found it very tasty. Good enough to tell me that I should do that again. After we ate, I set down on the sofa with my head over one of the girl legs.Then my friend yelled out loud Toy timbi, that is a Dominican expression that people say when we cannot eat more. My roommate went to the kitchen to clean the dishes, as it was his turn. After he was done, the girls screamed Special time and suddenly a bottle of Jose Cuervo appeared. They prepared some margaritas with lemon and strawberry mixer. Later on, after around 3 rounds of margaritas we started to listen and dance merengue and salsa. We dance for like hour and half non stopping. Also we were cantabile a bit while we were dancing.We stopped dancing when he figure out that it was 400 am and we had class at 830 am. We were all tired but we were also in a happy mood. We all went to bed right away, but sadly none of us make it finished the next four hours the one who woke up earlier was the younger girl at 10 oclock. She nocked my door very hard, until I woke up really mad because we skipped the class at 830 am. When we were all ready, we talked about last night. And the first thing that came out was that the chicken was really good and when I would do it again.

English Beowulf Essay

Beowulf will be missed for his courageous actions, compassion towards his throng and his strong will to fight. He was loved by his people and all people that he helped. Beowulf was a strong warrior that would never back stilt from a challenge. If he saw trouble, no matter what rustic, he would do go to the country to defeat their monster. He has fought and won battles against many monsters. He alike cared about people from other countries. He went to Denmark to save Hrothgar and his people from the monster Grendel. He did not do this for the money that he would receive after he did it for glory and to bring peace to Denmark.He cared about his people and his comrades, and would never back down from a fight. He always wanted fame and he received it up until his death. Everyone thought very highly of him. He always said that if anything were to happen to him he would want his belongings to go to his people and his king. He did not show this pleasant side of him to his enemies. To hi s enemies he was a ruthless killer who could not be defeated. To his people, he was a loving king. In his prime, it did not matter what was put up against him, he would defeat the enemy.He did not particularly care for his wealth but for his glory and for his people. He was always helping people and doing his best to win a fight. He fought up until the very end, freeing the Geats of the fire alive dragon. He was very old, but still on his own, went out to save his country and defeat the dragon. He did defeat the dragon along with our king Wiglaf. He rest forever with the treasures that he won in his final conquest. I have been assigned to write an English poetry coursework, I was given a range of two poems to choose to discerp.The two poems I was given to choose to analyse are the followingFirstly, I am not that Woman, which is compose by the Asian poet Kishwar Naheed, the poem was translated in to English from Urdu.And secondlyOnce upon a Time, this is written by Gabrael Okara.I have chosen to analyse the es conjecture on the poem I am not that Woman.Kishwar Naheed was born in Bulandshahr, which is situated in India, in 1940. She is one of the best-known feminist poets of Pakistan, regular(a) at this present moment, her mother tongue was Urdu so many of the poems were originally written in Urdu.It also says that she has written ten collections of poetry, one of them poems is written on the state of women in the early days.The poet experiences the situation that the women in the past had no rights and were tortured, in other course women were discriminated. The poet has a purpose of the poem, the theme of the poem is to broadcast the message that Asian women are not that type of women who were unable to do things, for example, money werent given to women to spend on either necessities or anything, they were also locked up in rooms and simply saying that their lives were just ruined.The sprightlinessing of the poet are at first distress that it makes a f emale reader feel extremely emotional about the fact that she has the ability of writing such words in front of the world asking for freedom. The poem has five stanzas, every(prenominal) line of the stanza is explained below.At the beginning of each stanza, Kishwar writes that I am not that woman, the whole purpose of this to emphasise the importance of women rights. She says selling you socks and shoes, the meaning to say this is that she is not them woman who get extremely less money for work. After writing this she says, remember I am the one you hid in your walls of stone, the words which come out of her mouth are not true but she is explaining the sentence by using metaphors, she conveys the message that she was restricted to go out, it is a dawdle and nobody could come out to do work or even shopping.Kishwar says that while you roamed, the women could not step out of their houses to even meet their friends, it was like uncheerful inside the jail for them and the men had soft times to have a laugh, repenting was not in the mens lives and did feel ashamed of doing such acts as beating, swearing and how cruel they were. Moving on to the next line which talks about freedom of men the poet says free as the breeze, not knowing that my parting cannot be smothered by stones, the meaning of this is that if she was to shout at someone outside to escape from the trap, it is not like this that her power of speech was controlled.

An Inspector Calls Essay

Throughout the prank An examiner Calls JB Priestly uses the characters to portray the different levels of society. He does this so as to give each cast a face belief and name. The play is called An Inspector calls and was written in 1946 by J. B. Priestly. It is set in the yr 1912, in amongst the time in which it was set and the year it was written two world wars had taken place. In 1912 classes were very different and were socially divided.There was a lot of poor people and very a couple of(prenominal) rich people. A lot of the rich people dis the liked the working class and disrespected them. He uses the characters Mr and Mrs birl to represent capitalists they ar nerve class and solo out for themselves. They bid for high prices and pay their labour partyers little so they make as much profit as possible. Gerald is of a higher middle class and is much younger, he has some empathy for the lower class but is still very much a capitalist.His parents Lady and Lord Croft ar e of a higher status than the rotates but they sell the same socialistic views. Both Eric and Sheila have a lot of empathy for Eva Smith, they were brought up by capitalist parents which means that their judgement disregard be s modalityed to a capitalist view but morally they see what they have done and are willing to accept that. The inspector, represents JB Priestlys views of society. The Inspectors last speech sums up how Priestly feels round capitalism and such. but just remember this.One Eva Smith has gone but in that location are millions and millions and millions of Eva Smiths and John Smiths with us, with their lives, their hopes and fears, their suffereing and chance of happiness, all interwined with our lives, and what we deem and say and do. We dont live alone. We are members of one system. We are responsible for each other. And I tell that the time will soon come when if men will not strike that lesson, then they will be taught it in fire and consanguinity and aguish In this play JB Priestly is aiming to make his audience think again about their views and make them realisticise that everyone should be responsible for everybody else.Mr Birling is a middle class, wealthy business man who used to be an alderman for years and lord mayor two years ago he is a magistrate and duologue of his modal note value into the next honours list. Just a knighthood He is described as macrocosm heavy looking and as being in his middle fifties. Through the inspectors questioning the audience are made aware of all aspects good and bad. His good side being that he cares about his daughter getting married to his fiancee treating Gerald like on of the family. His bad points being a mans priority his work and reputation.He comes across a being very mean, cruel and even extremely pompous as a complete snob in his opinion, his and only his views are correct. Since he is a egotism made man he thinks that every man is for himself and is strongly against coll ective responsibility. This is a part he tries to imprint into much of Gerald and Eric. He does this by discussion to them, The worlds developing so fast that itll make war impossible an example of Dramatic irony which Priestley uses alot throughout the play.Priestly attempts to convey the part that these values are incorrect and though the inspectors final speech he lets the audience know that if men will not learn that lesson, then they will be taught in fire and blood and anguish The most important factor of Mr Birlings character is that he is incapable of change Priestly wants the audience to know that change is the key. As healthful as Priestly the audience or the reader can see that the fire, blood and anguish is referring to the war, therefore the audience should realise that the moral lessons are not only meant for the Birlings but also for the audience. If the Arthur Birlings of this world dont change war will never cease.Mrs Birling is the wife of Arthur, she is an extrem ely hardness woman who is very out of touch with the reality of life. She has a lack of understanding in certain areas, such as her naivety to her son when she is sermon find this young man and then make sure that he has compelled to confess in public his responsibility Mrs Birling is constantly very hypocritical she premier describes Geralds relationship with Eva (Daisy) as a disgusting affair. Then later when the inspector is found to be false she is quite content price forgetting about the whole thing.Also he begins by laying all the blame on the young man that impregnated Eva saying, he should be made an example of, but when Eric, her son is found to be the young man she denies all comments previously made until Sheila reveals them. She is very prejudice and has awfully stereotypical views. Gerald is the son of a big rival of Arthurs Sir George Croft. He is well mannered of course and very self but he too has moral flaws. Whether Inspector Goole was truthfully an inspector o r not shouldnt have changed the fact that Gerald had commited a moral crime through his exploitation of Eva.Although he sets out with good intentions in the way that he saves Eva from Alderman Meggarty, his utilisation of his social standing and economic power to use Eva is wrong. The audience can also see his lack of loyalty from the way he betrayed Sheila at such ease. The way that he begins the sequence of proceedings leading to the view that the inspector wasnt an inspector shows that he reacts on his suspicions. Gerald wasnt all bad though he gave Eva more than any other character in the play and had some affection for her and mad her happy for a time. He also didnt burden Eva with a child, as did Eric.He is much more concerned with legalities than moralities, as are Mr and Mrs Birling, in the way Mr Birling treated Eva is warranted. Gerald is also similar to Mr and Mrs Birling in his inability to change. Sheila in her early twenties and at the beginning seems quite self-centre d in the way that she loves the attention she is receiving because of her engagement. She appeared to be shallow taking her misfortune out on others by getting Eva scared at Milwards because she smiled at the assistant and looked better in a hat than Sheila did.She uses her position to bully the less fortunate, ordering the manager at Milwards if they dont get rid of that girl, id never go get along the place again and id persuade mother to close tour account with them. But unlike Mr and Mrs Birling and Gerald, she is authentically sorry for her action and doesnt share their moral faults and so has that potential to change. She shows this potential by the way she accepts that Gerald cheated on her and respects him for admitting it, she realise the importance of honestly and gives him the opportunity to change.Sheila realises these girls arent cheap labour theyre people and the fact that she comprehends things like that is wherefore she is to seem to the audience that she is a be tter person than Gerald and her parents. Sheila begins to understand the values the inspector is trying to vaticinate and how they are more logical than her families principals. She can therefore comprehend that her mother is beginning all wrong and that Mrs Birling should stop stop where as zip else can grasp this essential point.Sheila may have been a brat, but the fact that she and Eric are more impressionable enables her to understand that people need to learn from past errors and change. It is the ability to change that separates her, and Eric from the other Characters. At the beginning of the play, Priestley sets out an extensive series of stage directions. He applies them effectively as a outstanding device, in that he uses them to show how the Birling family are cold, distant people and how capitalism has corrupted them as a family.He illustrates how the family are very well off, alluding to dessert plates and champagne glasses as well as other expensive items. However, th ere is also a sense of formality and distance between the family members as he writes that men are in tails and white ties and that it is not cosy and homelike. He also emphasises the remoteness between Mr and Mrs Birling by situating them at opposite ends of the table. Included in the stage directions is the colour and brightness of the lightheadeding. Priestley also uses this as a dramatic device skilfully.The lighting first used is described as pink and intimate showing a warm and joyful atmosphere. However the audience gets the sense that it is just a veil covering up secrets and that they are in fact looking through rose-tinted glasses and that it is not really what it seems. This is confirmed when the Inspector appears and the lighting changes to a brighter and harder light where it gives the impression of exposure and the revelation of truth. In this way, the character of the Inspector has also been used as a dramatic device.He is used to convey a message, as a mouthpiece t o Priestleys views. He makes it seem as if socialism is the true and honest way to live. The Inspector does not use euphemisms and rather uses graphic imagery in order to shock the Birlings into giving him information, shed swallowed a lot of strong disinfectant, Burnt her inside out of course. He also has a feeling of omniscience and an almost ghostly presence. His name, Inspector Goole, indicates this as Goole sounds like Ghoul and Inspector sounds like spectre.The Inspector is used to correct the capitalists and makes a strong statement in favour of socialism in his final rhetorical speech. In this speech he states that for lower class, Eva Smiths and John Smiths there is a chance of happiness in socialism. The Inspector also makes the audience realise that they are members of one body and that they should try their best to help people like Eva Smith, otherwise, as the Inspector implies, they will be taught in fire and blood and anguish.This almost acts as a threat to the audien ce and incites them to recognize the value of Priestleys message. Dramatic irony is also used in many ways as a dramatic device. It is used to promote the Inspector yet mock Mr Birling. In Mr Birlings speech at the beginning of the play, he proudly states that as a hard-headed businessman he thinks that there isnt a chance of war and that the Titanic is absolutely unsinkable. With the play being published after two world wars and the sinking of the Titanic, Priestley makes the audience think that Birling is a fool.Whereas the Inspector, who states in his final speech that they will be taught in fire and blood and anguish indicating that there will be a war, is elevated by the use of dramatic irony. This makes the audience believe the socialist views of the Inspector instead of the foolish views of Mr Birling. The fact that a meaningful message is be would indicate that An Inspector Calls, as well as being a murder mystery, in the way that Priestley uncovers the story of the death of Eva Smith, is also a moral play. Priestley shows the audience how not to live their lives, using dramatic devices to demonstrate this.He makes the audience contemplate over the fact that they are actually members of one body and that they are all responsible for one another and has made them realise that socialism is the way forward instead of capitalism. In this way, An Inspector Calls is very relevant todays society where people still do need to work together and help others in need. J. B. Priestley effectively uses many dramatic devices in An Inspector Calls, such as symbolism and timings. He applies them in order to portray his political views, using an upper class, Edwardian family to do so.The end of the play was ambiguous and it left the audience craving a clear and understandable ending. Were there more girls than just Eva Smith? Was Inspector Goole real? What really was real? Some people perspective Goole was a spirit that had come to foretell the future, others though t there were multiple girls in the pictures, while a few thought it was the same girl just in a different pose. Priestly uses the characters to speak his mind and get across wants he thinks through characters and thats why people are leaving wanting more.

Cause and Effect Paper for School

In the past three months Ruth Disselkoen, has cut her breaks short to get along her spiel, complains of being tired, and twice a month requires overtime hours, which causes the company an additional $200. 00 a month on the other hand, Frank Daley, has complained about the her poor spirt quality. Whereas, Jack Snyder seems to have little work to do, he arrive late twice a week, he takes superfluous breaks although his work is always professionally completed. steady though, nothing has changed in their personal lives.I would like to have interpersonal meeting with both Jack Snyder, and Ruth Disselkoen to investigate the root of the problem, so I spate square my next course of action, and if I have the authority to implement any of the changes necessary that will eventually stop costing the company and extra $200. 00 monthly. Since Jessica Hilos is out on a Leave of Absence and her work assignments have been split up amongst Jack and Ruth. Jessica Hilo is one of Jack Snyders boss es so it is only fair that Jack is responsible for Jessica Hilos work vitiate, and not Ruth Disselkoen.I have noticed that this entire problem began three months ago when Jessica Hilos took a Leave of absence and some of her work load was reassigned to Ruth Disselkoen. I believe that Jessica Hilos, work is causing Ruth to cut her breaks short and work overtime twice a month. Therefore, I will discuss this with the Human Resources Director, Liz, Jakowski, and I will present the idea of giving Jessica Hilos, entire work load to Jack Snyder, and this course of action will eliminate the monetary expenditure of $200. 00 that the company is paying monthly for overtime. I will wait for Liz Jakowski, response to determine my next course of action.

Privileged prisoners in the labor camps Essay

In the novel, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Alexander Solzhenitsyn, we atomic number 18 shown the horrendous conditions in Stalins labor camps through the protagonists eyes. We share only 24 hours of Shukhovs purport, as shown by the title of the novel, but the awful brio conditions are well shown. The author creates a dramatic foil between the privileged and ordinary prisoner, also called zeks. In these camps we know that food is the money and that with appear it you cannot hold up, it is a military group The contrast shows the corruption and injustice that this power brings some zeks abuse the power that is joinn to them and misuse it by treating others badly, others make good use of it and garter protrude the rest of their squad, finally, the rest of these privileged zeks take advantages of their power but would still share some of their wealth with the ordinary zeks.In this novel, there are many examples of abuse and corruption. The main one is the mess chief and the limper. The mess chief has the money of the camp he is the most powerful prisoner in the camp. By the way Shukhov describes him, we authenticize how corrupted he is. The mess chief was a fat swine, with a head like a pumpkin and a mighty pair of shoulders. Once theyd tried to beat him up but all the cooks choice thugs they were had leaped to his defense. (100).This detailed description shows well the kind of mortal the mess chief is. He knows he has the control and he abuses it as practically as he can, hes til now better finish than civilians with his lambskin waistcoat It also illustrates the way that he uses his immense power to get much advantages than any other prisoners in the camp. This is shown by the occurrence that he is a strong and healthy person, and that he is full of energy. He doesnt have to wear a number due to his incredible influence on the camp authorities. some other strong abusive character is the Limper, hes hated by all the zeks, the reade r eventually sees his cruelty and abusive excitability during the passage where Shukhov describes his activity while going to the mess hall. Because of his lameness he had managed to get classed as disabled, . He hit the down-and-outs. (99). This quote illustrates very clearly the fact that the Limper is a coward and is full of cruelty.He already has privileges, he doesnt go to work, but yet he has to abuse the ordinary prisoner who had a hard work day and show them how much more than powerful he is. It also shows that whenever a prisoner has some power, they need to get more of it, no matter what it takes. But the Limper also has to lower other prisoners to make himself feel better and feeling more of import. This e finically happens when the zeks are postponement for their turn in the mess hall. One hundred and fourth shouted the Limper. Where dyou think youre crawling, shit? He whammed a man from some other(prenominal) team on the back of the neck with his cudgel (102). The way he treats ordinary prisoners stresses the Limpers disrespect towards them. He has to insult them to make him look like hes better off than the rest of them. This shows that hes in fact lower than the rest of the zeks, just like the squealers.Another example for this category of zeks is Der and Shkuropatenko. Der is the kind of prisoner that betrays any zeks, not quite like a squealer because he gets privileged treatment. Right after the consequent with Tiurin Der went across the open ground, looking haggard. To warm up in the office. He must have had the wind up. He should keep pleasant with team leading like that, then hes have nothing to worry intimately the camp authorities didnt insist on his doing any real hard work, he received top category rations, he lived in a separate cabin what else did he want? Giving himself airs, trying to be smart. (74). This emphasizes the fact that Der wants more, even though he has everything an ordinary zek could ask for, but it doesnt s atisfy him. It shows that a little power corrupts you to the point of wanting everything, even what you cant have. We also know that Der used to be an important figure in the political world.Up the ramp came yet another snooper, another chief building-foreman Der. A muscovite. Used to work in some ministry, it was said. (71). Just like the mess chief, Ders clothing differed somehow from the ordinarys zeks. Der was vesture a regulation camp coat, but it was new and clean. His hat was stylish, made of leather (72). In these quotes we clearly see the fact that Der was a previous important political figure and he still has privileges. Due to his position and attitude, hes not well seen from the other prisoners, yet the ordinary zeks cannot do much about it because of Ders sympathetic relations with the authorities.Another prisoner whos shown as victorious advantages of his status is Shkuropatenko. Hes not shown as taking directly advantages of his role. The lanky Shkuropatenko, a mer e cipher, a trusty whod been tryn the temporary job of guarding the prefabs from any pilfering by the prisoners. Yes, it was Shkuropatenko who was most likely to function them on the open ground (41). This pictures Shkuropatenko as telling on others to make himself look more important to the guards and authorities of the camp. In this way he doesnt have to work hard but he is vicious but he abuses the power he has by telling off everyone he sees. He even continues watching the prefabs from inside an office.Beyond him, like a bent pole, stooped Shkuropatenko B219. That eyesore staring out of the window, trying to see, even now, whether anyone was pinching some of his precious prefabs You didnt spot us that time, you gawk (59). This quote illustrates the hatred that the ordinary prisoners show towards the privileged ones and how they mock their devotion to their work. We clearly see why Shukhov dislikes Shkuropatenko as well as other abusive characters of the novel. He feels that they shouldnt be telling on other fellow zeks, even thought they have more power than him. This shows how power corrupts the simple minds to the bone.There are some zeks that dont abuse their powers at all and make use of it to help out others. Tiurin, the squad leader is one of them. He does his best to keep them out of trouble and get them good rations. This is shown when Tiurin confronts Der about the prefabs Shukhov and Kilgas grasped previously during the day. Shukhov feared nothing for himself. His team-leader would never give him away. (72). This is a good description fro Tiurins strength, he would never betray his squad. He has privileges he doesnt abuse them, but uses them to get his men out of trouble. All the things he does are for his men, and when they talk about him, they always show a great deal of respect. He had no jokes or smiles for his team, but he took pains to see they got better rations. (.)In camp the team leader is everything a good one will give you a seco nd life () Hed only just averted the danger of the team existence sent to work at the Socialist Way of Life Settlement, now he was probably deliberating over the percentage on which the teams rations for the next five days depended. (33). This adds to the generous picture of Tiurin. He would never use his power to get advantages for himself he would get them for his whole squad. This emphasizes that fact that he has a big heart and shares everything with his fellow squad members. The privileges brought by power dont interest him he despises corrupted zeks, such as Der and Shkuropatenko and does all he can to make life easier for his zeks around the camp. This is also why hes shown as a good squad leader. He is one of the only zeks that act like that towards the ordinary prisoners.Yet, there is another example of zek, Tzesar is one of them. Hes the kind of zek that had many privileges, slightly abuses them, but uses them to get things his way around the camp. Hes one of the few pris oners who gets parcels twice a month. He works in an office but he acquired this place through bribes. He doesnt have to go and work in the cold unalike the other members of the 104th. He always has extra food to eat and something to smoke. These belongings bring him power and influence in the camp. The ordinary zeks ask him for some of his special goods and his good heart usually gives some away. Tzesar Markovich, slobbered Fetiukov, unable to restrain himself. Give us a drag. His face twitched with greedy desire. . But the moment he lit a cigarette he read in several pairs of eyes an unspoken plea for the fog-end. Tzesar turned to Shukhov and said Take it, Ivan Denisovich. (22). This shows that even though he doesnt share often, hes generous.He gives the fog-end to Shukhov without him asking for it directly. It means that hes kind deep down, even though hes using his privileges to get a better position.. Yet there is another side of him. He believes that hes higher than other zeks in the camp. When Shukhov brings him his lunch, he ignores him. Tzesar swung round and held out his hand for the bowl, not even looking at Shukhov, as though the kasha had materialized out of thin air (60). This shows how selfish he is, he doesnt care about other prisoners. He should be out in the cold like all the other zeks but due to his power, he sits all day long in warm office. Yet Shukhov feels pity for him as he knows that hes the kind of prisoners that can only survive as long as parcels as being sent to him This kind of prisoners can only survive as long as parcels as being sent to themIn One Day in the Life Denisovich, the different kind of privileged prisoners either makes ordinary prisoners lives worse or better. In the first case, the privileged prisoners are hated by all the zeks and could eventually get murdered. For the other kind, the rest of the squad respects them as they give men a second life. No matter what kind of privileges they have, they are all a big foi l to all the ordinary prisoners and bring about a sense of injustice towards the ordinary prisoners.

A Review of Abraham Verghes’ My Own Country Essay

Introduction Nursing transcends cultures and geographical boundaries. With the emergence of a lot of aesculapian conditions in the world, nurses and even come tos subscribe a lot of stories to sh ar with each different concerning the way they treat patients. Some of these stories are common while some are more peculiar than others. When those from the health check commerce write intimately their experiences, those who read their work are bound to be immersed in their world and in their worldview. Dr. Ambraham Verghese wrote about the emergence of AIDS in Johnson urban center, Tennessee during the time the HIV virus has not yet become as prevalent as it is now. Dr. Verghese chronicles his journey together with his patients and the way he struggled in balancing his medical profession and his personal life. As Dr. Verghese came in contact with the persons with AIDS, he had to confront his take stereotypes and see his patients for who they really are and not for the labels an d the stigma directed against them by society. The families of the persons with AIDS overly struggled in accepting their identity as homosexuals. Verghese then spent time with these persons with AIDS, talked with them, listened to their stories, and went to their families so he can enjoy them more deeply. By doing so, Verghese succeeded in presenting the humane side of persons with AIDS. The stories he told were filled with emotions and the experiences of people who have AIDS. He also looked at the wellness business concern system in the United States and the kind of health care service delivered to persons with AIDS. Apparently, there are incidences when patients are victimized, privacy problems are impinged on and confidentiality between doctors and patients are compromised. On top of this, a lot of people in the society still have their give prejudices, preconceptions and biases concerning AIDS.Verghese, identity operator and AIDS My Own Country A Doctors Story is not only about the life of Verghese and his medical practice. It was a bulk about his awakening to the vocation of being a doctor. His book is a courageous look at a topic considered to be taboo by the backup of the society. It is revolutionary because during the 1980s, AIDS was slowly coming to the consciousness of the American society. Although he focused on Johnson City in Tennessee, his story dealt with the human condition and how love and fear can make changes in the lives of people. The autobiographical work of Dr. Verghese talked about the importance of identity. The doctor, himself wrestled with questions about his identity and various influences. He is of Indian decent although with an Ethiopian birth. To confound things more, he was also a Christian. He speaks of being an outsider because of his ethnicity and the way he was designate as an outsider. He also thought that he was only needed as a doctor and when there are no longer medical conditions he needs to treat, then the com munity exit no longer need him. Against the backdrop of race and his practice of profession, he managed to identify with the persons suffering with AIDS. He also explored how society gives identity to a disease and by association, such identity is imposed to the persons who are afflicted with such disease. To show this further, Dr. Verghese explained how society equated AIDS with homosexuality and sin. When morality comes in, the society looks at the labels and stereotypes sooner of looking at the real identity of the individuals concerned. Because of this, Verghese managed to identify with the persons with AIDS and gathered their trust enough for him to assistance them reconstruct their identity and explore his own identity.Death, Illness and Narratives One of the lost art of medicine that Verghese rediscovered is auditory modality and telling stories and narratives. He wrote that through stories, the arrogance of an individual can be reaffirmed. Through stories, too, such dig nity could also be denied to a person. Through the book he has written, he showed the way that the narratives of his patients got intertwined with his. Along the process, he becomes changed and even relates the narratives from the family members of those persons with AIDS. The reality of death is very much present in the awareness of the persons living with AIDS. Family members are also aware with the possibility of death. Yet, at first they cannot see beyond the stigma of AIDS. With narratives and stories, however, they get to be made aware of the real personality of the individual with AIDS and recall their love and care for them as family member. Verghese, through his direct interaction with his patients and even with their families learned as much how families react to impending death. The scathe of his method of treatment, or rather his going out of his way beyond mere delivery of health care is the way in which he became an outsider from his colleagues from the medical profe ssion. As the persons with AIDS deal with their own lifestyles and impending death, Verghese continues learning from the way they muster courage and inspiration to live.Personal Response The approach of Verghese in dealing with his patients with AIDS is amazing. He went beyond the stigma of the society and the accepted way of doing things in his profession just to understand his patients and along the way, he managed to understand himself more deeply. What really touched me is the way that he spoke to persons with AIDS and listened to their stories. The benefit was not only for the patients. Verghese, himself benefited greatly from such an experience. If I were in his situation, I might have stuck to the tried and accepted way of dealing with AIDS patients without going the extra gnarl for them. The example of Dr. Verghese is worth emulating. What he did transcended culture, social norms and stereotypes and eventually empowered the persons with AIDS. He was very brave in pursuing t he questions he was asking himself. More than just providing them with health care services, he connected with them as a friend would. That is one thing that I could certainly use in my own medical career. Patients should not be seen as just one disease to be treated after another. Rather, the kinetics of human relationships and narratives should be utilized to the full.Implications to Advanced Nursing Practice Narratives and stories are important means of connecting with a person and developing relationships with them. With the example shown by Dr. Verghese, narrative should be a part of the delivery of health care so that they will not only be treated for their medical condition exclusively their treatment could be hastened with the sharing of stories and listening to the concerns of the patients. This may entail additional work for doctors but it is also worth pursuing because of its good effects to the patients and to the doctors and nurses. Nurses tend to interact with patien ts more. As such, they need to learn how to interact effectively with their patients and share stories and narratives. It does not have to be very deliberate or contrived. Rather, it should be as natural as possible so as to encourage better interaction. Nurses who provide care to patients in the hospital has to engage the assistance of family members too because they can greatly help in the treatment of the medical condition of the patients. Furthermore, as the family members and the patient interact more, they can be drawn closer together. Some nurses already practice this kind of meaningful interaction with patients. Yet as the need for nurses to engage in narratives and stories, they have to learn how to do this.ReferenceVerghese, A. (1994). My Own Country A Doctors Story. New York Simon and Schuster.

Exploring the Concepts of Karl Marx and Mao Tse-Tung Essay

Karl Marx believed that in an industrialized society, the works class, known as the proletariat would revolt and take over the ruling class, and would in effect, create a classless society. Karl Marx believed this could provided happen in an industrialized society. Once it became app arnt that the working class would non rise above, Lenin intervened and confirmed Marxism obsolete in Russia. Since the late 1920s the Chinese commie Party has altered Marxism in china. It became a peasant party with an anti-Marxist petty-bourgeois viewpoint and through all the fluctuations of the left field and right turns of world Stalinism, it kept a utopian and reactionist perspective in Marxist terminology, reactionary refers to hatful whose ideas might appear to be socialist, but, in essence, contain elements of feudalism, capitalism, bailiwickism, fascism or other characteristics of the ruling class. It kept a res publicaally based and classless socialism, or peasant socialism, as worded by Trotsky.To call monoamine oxidase Tse-Tungs communist or Maoist, philosophy socialism is an understatement. Though encompassing many Marxist values, mainland mainland China has d single a to a greater extent effective job of forcing the Maoist ag exterminatea through more remorseless violence by utilizing the multitude of peasants residing within its borders as a powerful force, unlike Marxism which calls for a serial publication of diversity by authority of class struggle and uprising in the proletariat. Though the Maoist ideology had subsisted in China for some years after his time, instantly it is an important scotch force, but is government-run, going away it unstable with reveal government regulation as the economy is dominated by large state-owned enterprises, but secluded enterprises also play a major role in the economy. State-owned enterprises are a major arising of profit and power for members of the Communist Party of China and their families and are largely fav ored by the government.Karl Marx wove political economy and philosophy together to construct a grand theory of compassionate recital and social change. His sentiment of monomania, for example, first expressed in his Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, plays a key role in his comment of capitalism. Marx believed that people, by character, are free, creative beings who have the potential to totally transform the world. But he detect that the modern, technologically true world is apparently beyond our full control. Marx condemned the free market, for instance, as being anarchic, or ungoverned. He maintained that the way the market economy is coordinatedthrough the spontaneous purchase and sale of private property dictated by the laws of supply and demandblocks our ability to take control of our person and collective destinies.Marx condemned capitalism as a system that alienates the voltaic pilees. His reasoning was like this although workers produce things for the m arket, market forces, not workers, control things. People are required to work for capitalists who have full control over the means of resultion and maintain power in the workplace. Work, he said, becomes degrading, monotonous, and suitable for machines rather than for free, creative people. In the end, people themselves become objectsrobot-like mechanisms that have lost touch with human nature, that make decisions based on cold profit-and-loss considerations, with teeny concern for human worth and need. Marx concluded that capitalism blocks our content to create our own humane society. Marxs notion of alienation rests on a crucial but shaky assumption. It assumes that people potty successfully abolish an advanced, market-based society and replace it with a democratic, comprehensively aforethought(ip) society.Marx claimed that we are alienated not only because many of us toil in tedious, perhaps even degrading, jobs, or because by competing in the marketplace we tend to place profitability above human need. The issue is not about toil versus happiness. We are alienated, he maintained, because we have not yet designed a society that is fully final causened and control take, a society without competition profits and losses, money, private property, and so ona society that, Marx predicted, must necessarily appear as the world advances through history. Here is the greatest problem with Marxs theory of alienation even with the latest developments in computer technology, we cannot create a comprehensively planned system that puts an end to scarcity and uncertainty.But for Marxists to speak of alienation under capitalism, they must assume that a successfully planned world is possible. That is, Marx believed that under capitalism we are alienated or sepa strayd from our potential to creatively plan and control our collective fate, but if comprehensive socialist planning fails to work in practice it is an impossibility. In consequence of Chinas sizable rural r ace, the greatest point of conflict between the two lines of thought is Maos inclusion of the peasantry in the proletariat differing greatly with the Marxist-Leninist view that the send-off of socialist revolution should come from the urban working class. The Maoist faith in revolutionist eagerness and the positive value of the peasants lack of sophistication as opposed to technological or intellectual elites furnish the Great Leap Forward of the 1950s and the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and 70s.The disastrous consequences of both upheavals led Maos successors to abandon Maoism as counterproductive to economic growth and social order. Maoism, since then, has been embraced by incendiary guerrilla groups worldwide. The Communist Party of the Philippines has adopted the ideas and concepts of Maoism which promote the use of revolution to obtain their closings. Professor Jose maria Sison, the Chairman of the Communist Party of the Philippines states, Mao is indubitably correc t in identifying the revisionism of degenerates in power in socialist society as the most lethal to socialism, and in offering the solution that succeeded in China for ten years before it was defeated in 1976. The disintegration of the Soviet Union and the full issue of capitalism in revisionist-ruled countries in the period of 1989-91 have vindicated Maos position on the crucial importance and necessity of the struggle against revisionism and the theory of continuing revolution under proletarian dictatorship.The Philippines today practices modern democracy. This shows the sharp difference of ideology within countries. It is shown by Sisons diction that he is passionate about Communism to the degree that he strongly adheres to Maoist theory by promoting revolution in the proletariat. In 2008, the New Peoples Army in the Philippines managed to make 200 tactical offenses and captured 200 high powered rifles. Ka Oris claimed that the group has managed to return to the level of activit y of when it was at its peak in the 1980s. The NPA, the armed wing of the CPP, remains the biggest threat to national security according to National Defense secretary Gilbert C. Teodoro Jr. This shows how Maoism only subsists with sheer violence. They seek to implement their agenda by compromising national security and putting many lives in danger. In order to form a fully Maoist society one needs to realize that the only means of achieving this is by deteriorating the conditions within a county.The history of the NPA in Mindanao dates back to 1971 when a handful of inexperienced but determined communists established two cells one in Iligan and the other in Davao. The years that followed saw it exploit widespread poverty among both indigenous peoples and poor peasants in the countryside, as well as among many Christian settlers. As one can see, poverty was a result of the attempts made by the NPA to form a communist/Maoist nation therefore, the effects of revolution in the name o f Maoism only worsens the well-being of the people as violence is use to oppress the people. Maoism is characterized by an extreme eclecticism and by subjectivism in theory and voluntarism in politics. Many traditionalistic views of ancient Chinese political and philosophical thought have helped nourish Maoist ideology.From the anarchists Mao Tse-tung borrowed much(prenominal) principles as the absolutization of violence (Power grows out of the barrel of a gun and To rebel is justified) and assent on nonproletarian, declassed elements and politically immature layers of young people to organize revolutions without regard to whether there is a revolutionary situation. According to Maoist declarations, similar revolutions, which in fact are a form of total purge and suppression of the real and potential enemies of Maoism, should be repeated periodically. If the inherent violence that Maoism encapsulates should be repeated, it would lead to the woeful of many people, which makes it unstable to the degree that the government forces outnumber the Maoists a force that keeps them at bay.The Maoists cannot obtain their goal without the use of hostility, making it immoral and unstable. Since 1978 hundreds of millions have been lifted out of poverty in China yet hundreds of millions of rural population as well as millions of migrant workers remain unattended According to Chinas positive statistics, the poverty rate fell from 53% in 1981to 2.5% in 2005. However, in 2009, as many as 150 million Chinese were living on less than $1.25 a day. The infant mortality rate fell by 39.5% between 1990 and 2005, and maternal mortality by 41.1%. Access to telephones during the period rose more than 94-fold, to 57.1% as did in many developing countries much(prenominal) as Peru or Nigeria. This shows inconsistency with data to enlighten communist propaganda. They only show what they want to. They never display the harsh violence committed in order to execute their agenda, which is also in the roots of Marxist theory. In consequence of Maos recognition of the peasantry as a powerful source of revolution, his political endeavors were largely aimed at rural China and less on urban industrialization.There is a strong emphasis in Maoism placed on the capability of conscious human action to overcome a lack of material resources. This is in abduce to what Mao saw as great feats of endurance, such as the Long March and the resistance against lacquer during the Sino-Japanese War. According to Mao, the success of such campaigns rested upon the commitment of man, without the aid of technology or material involvement. complementary to such experiences, Mao naturally developed a theory that highlighted success as a product of the mind, not matter. As such, material goods were not constituent of, or significantly important to Maoism. It should be pointed out that in the present conditions, agriculture occupies first place in our economic construction. Mao was mainly touch with agricultural end product as a means of survival, and saw no political gain from mass industrialization. In fact Mao believed that industrialization weakened the proletarian movement, by creating further means for manufacturing plant owners and management teams to exploit workers.However the Marxist-Leninist approach to socialist reform which contrasted against Maos agrarian views, relied heavily upon the encouragement of advanced industrialization in order to strengthen the sense of proletarian repression. In this sense there was a strong point of conflict over industrial and agricultural production values between Mao and the Russians, which was in direct consequence of the peasants over workers dispute. A fundamental facet of classical Marxist ideology is economic determinism a concept whereby social change is driven by the economy. However Mao placed a much larger emphasis on the shaping of humankind, and the capacity to change human nature through sheer will power. Maos real conflict, of course, was not with Russia nor with revisionism, but with human nature. He believed that the ordinarily extended process of change could be hastened with appropriate remark a positive political frame of commitment and action.While Marx also believed in the evolution of human nature, in contrast to Mao he regarded it to be a process beyond the control of man. Marx developed the theory of material determinism, which suggested that the economy is essential to social change and the development of human nature, a kind almost ignored by Mao. Features of society such as classes, politics and ideologies were seen by Marx to be outgrowths of economic activity, whereas Mao regarded changes to such features as a result of human will. Maos process of remolding human beingsis almost in defiance of orthodox Marxist historical and material determinism. However what is generally agreed upon by Marx and Mao, disdain the way in which it is done, is that this remolding of hu mankind could take many revolutions, which led to the development of the continuous revolution theory, a concept whereby the proletarians struggle against the bourgeoisie is everlasting.Basically, the goals of Mao, Lenin and Marx were alike in terms of achieving a classless socialist society there were distinct contrasting elements within the paths chosen to achieve these aspirations. Mao believed in the revolutionary and violent power of the abundant peasantry class, whereas the Marxist-Leninist approach to socialist revolution was to lead from the urban working classes. Resulting from this major disagreement came differing views on industrialization and urbanization, Mao tending to pay closer tending to agricultural development which was a large factor in China, and the Russians to urban development. There was also ignorance on Maos behalf of the nature of economics, a subject of which Marx was an expert which is most likely the reason why there is little on economics found on Ma oism.Marx recognized the economy as a major driving force in social development, whereas Mao regarded human nature as something that could be changed by will. However while Mao may not have attempted to achieve socialism as Marx intended, a great difference between Russia and China during the twentieth century made such a turn away from classical Marxism to some extent. One could claim that Marxism has never truly been achieved in any setting, and with both China and Russia now leaning more towards capitalism, it leads one to question whether given the nature of humankind, such change is even possible however, it can be concluded that both doctrines encapsulate unbalance and hostility, creating an oppressive environment.

One Sample Hypothesis Testing

One Sample opening Testing The significance of earnings is a growing facade in todays economy. mundane operation, individuals, and families alike rely heavily on each sale or gestatecheck to provide financial stability throughout. Depending on the nature of labor, w ages are typically compensated in accords to whizs experience and education or specialization. Moreover, calculating the specified industry, occupation title, education, experience on-the-job, gender, race, age, and membership to a articulation will additionally influence wages.To help analyze operation pay scales and remain within calculate a profession should obtain info pertaining to current variations in wage. Today statistics allow a business or businesses to do so in a timely and proficient manner. The purpose of the succeeding authorship is to communicate a system statement regarding the wages of Latinos and ovalbumin role players. police squad up B would like to situate whether race has an influen ce on the wage of these specific thespians. Team B will convey this selective information of wages in some(prenominal) a numerical and verbal manner.Moreover, it is to describe and perform the five-step scheme visitation on the wages and wage earner data set, including data tables and results of the computations of a z-test or t-test by musical mode of graphical and tabular methods. Also the paper will depict the results of all testing and convey how the results inclined Team Bs hypothesis testing may be used to answer the investigate question. Hypotheses Learning Team Bs verbal hypothesis question asks Does the think up salary of a Hispanic worker exceed thirty thousand dollars and that of the mingy salary of a gabardine worker? The numerical question used for our hypothesis test is > $30,000.Another numerical question is 1>2. 1 is define as the sampling mean of Hispanic workers salaries and 2 defined as the sample mean of albumen workers salaries. The Hispanic sa mple population is six workers from the Wages and Wage Earners Data Set. Learning Team B needs to consider whether or not the population is normal as the population size is little than 30. This also prohibits use of the Central Limit Theorem until the data set is proven normal. The wage of one worker being much higher than the others means our data will be skew right and this data may not be a good sample.The existence of this outlier means our results will be skewed meaning we should find a better sample to base our results on. More importantly, the existence of an outlier reminds us that the mean is not always a good measure of the typical harbor of X. (Doane & Seward, 2007). Five-step Hypothesis Test Team B would like to find if average Hispanic workers bring more than $30,000 per year. The teams cipher hypotheses or (HO) is that Hispanic pay is greater than or equal to $30,000. The teams alternative hypothesis or (H1) is that Hispanic pay is less than $30,000.The signific ance level has been set at . 05 or 95%. The z score of . 05 is -1. 645. If the z-value is less than -1. 645 then the team can reject the null hypothesis and acquit the alternative hypothesis. If the z-value is greater than -1. 645 then the team fails to reject the null hypothesis, meaning Hispanic workers do, in fact, make more than $30,000 a year. Hypotheses HO Hispanic pay ? 30,000 H1 Hispanic pay > 30,000 Data Set (University of Phoenix, 2007) 83,601 29,736 15,234 24,509 33,461 13,481 reflexion 1 Mean = (83,601+29,736+15,234+24,509+33,461+13,481)/6M = 33,337 Formula 2 Standard deflection = SQRT(((X1-M)Squared+(X2-M)Squared)/(N-1)) SD = SQRT(((83,601-33,337)Squared+(29,736-33,337)Squared)/(6-1)) SD = SQRT(((50,24)Squared =(3,601)Squared+(18,094)Squared)/(5) SD = 25,841. 97 Hispanic pay mean = 33,337 Hispanic pay Standard deviation = 25,842 Sample size = 6 Formula 3 Z-Test = (Mean-X)/(Standard Deviation/SQRT(N)) Z = (33,337 30,000)/(25842/SQRT(6)) Z = 3,337/10,549. 94 Z = . 3 163 As a result, we find that Z > -1. 645 Next team B wanted to see what the wage difference was between Caucasians and Hispanics.The teams null hypothesis or (HO) is that white pay wages are ? Hispanic pay wages. The teams alternative hypothesis or (H1) is White pay wages are < Hispanic pay wages. White wages mean = 31,387. 39 Hispanic Wage mean = 33,337. 00 White wages STDEV = 16,810. 03 Hispanic wage STDEV = 25,843. 24 Finally the team wanted to see if age played a part in the difference in pay wages. Our null hypothesis or (HO) is that White age is = to Hispanic ages. The alternative or (H1) is that White age is ? to Hispanic ages. White Wage age mean = 39. 71429 Hispanic wage age mean = 35. 5 White wage age STDEV = 12. 3484 Hispanic wage age STDEV = 14. 25132 Test Results This test is significant because it shows that, found on the sample population the average Hispanic worker makes more than $30,000 per year. This is because the team performed a one tag Z-Test to determi ne with 95% confidence that Hispanic wages were greater than $30,000 per year.This is a one tailed test because the alternate hypothesis is only proven when the Z Value is less than the critical value of $30,000 in this case. With a Z Value of . 3163, we find that our Z-Test has yielded a result significantly higher than -1. 45, which proves H0, or that Hispanic pay is greater than $30,000 per year. The test also concluded that Hispanic workers make more than Caucasian workers on average. We also gathered data showing the average age of Caucasian workers is higher than that of Hispanic workers. In conclusion, this paper has discussed and researched the various influence of ones race and wages. Our results provided immense data relating to our hypotheses and both verbal and numerical hypothesis were proven to conclude that Hispanic workers on average make more than $30,000 a year and also more than the average Caucasian worker.By using a smaller sample Team B was able to distinguish any correlations between both races and determine a sizeable result. In todays economy wages are a momentous factor and whether ones Hispanic or not wages have a sizeable impact on ones life. We believe our research shows that Hispanics have an advantage in the workplace over Caucasian workers. References Doane, D. P. & Seward, L. E. , (2007). Applied Statistics in Business and Economics. Boston, MA McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Hibernation

Arieana Koonce Ms. Stephens Biology Honors March 9, 2013 True Hibernation vs. False Hibernation Hibernation is when a mammal has a low physical structure temperature, slow breathing and heart rate, and low metabolic rate. A ground squirrel hibernates in their dens. These dens allow them to calmness for a long time. They r bely stimulate up. Their hearts beat about 1-2 times per minute. Ground squirrels very sleep through the entire cold winter. Their trunk temperature dips down so low that there tree trunk is only a couple degrees warmer than outside.It could reach below freezing. These animals prepare for this five to six calendar month period the rest of the year. Hibernation is the animals way to adapt to thing. Compared to ground squirrels, who hibernate in dens, and other true hibernators however, the hibernation army of bears is only a sequence of long naps. Since the body temperature of bears remains high and their breathing remains at a normal rate, their winter naps c an easily be bothered or woken up.Some bears even wake up during their winter nap and search and walk around for hours, occasionally possibly days. Therefore that makes bears mammals that are not true hibernators. In conclusion, false hibernation is a way for the larger mammals to stay warm passim winter without having to do all the things the smaller ones do. It is not the same thing as true hibernation because their body temperature only drops a couple of degrees. Although they are very different mammals do whatever they can to go far the tough winter.

Life in the Colonial Cities Essay

The people of early colonial America settled mainly in rural areas and farms. Eventually, by the end of the 18th century, cities became dominant settlements over the rural regions. The cities of colonial America were heavily influences by British the latest fashions of dress, social ideas, and furniture among other things were imported from Great Britain. As the size of cities grew, problems in health and sanitation began to arise. Throughout all of the major cities, taverns were the greens channelizes where e reallyone would meet.The cities of colonial America helped spread the European sense across the Atlantic. This in turn helped create an American Enlightenment movement, which started primarily in the major cities. Cities helped invent the advancement of learning in science, literature, and the arts. They were also centers for manufacturing and commerce, where industry boomed.The major cities of America included capital of Massachusetts, Philadelphia, naked as a jaybird Yo rk, Newport, and Charleston. In these large cities, many problems began to surface. These difficulties involved health, sanitation, police fortress, and fire prevention. To decrease these problems meant that the city would have to work together and stop with individualistic ways.Philadelphia was the most heavily populated, and most sophisticated of the major cities. They had brick roads and sidewalks including street lamps, which move on every night. There was a regular night watch along with volunteers for fire protection and there were also many booksellers. Some people were unhappy with Philadelphias design while others mind the city to be a masterpiece.Boston was another populous city, thanks to its elegance and in widely distributed the manners of its people. The people of Boston had many luxuries, such as coach rides where slaves served the customers. Also, the Mall was a very popular place among the people. The Mall was a beautiful Common with trees and paths, which was an imitation of St Jamess Park. Although Boston was not asdensely populated as Philadelphia, Boston offered a cleaner and more indeterminate society.New York City preserved many of its native Dutch traditions and qualities. A lot of the buildings were built of brick, which was the common Dutch style. New York also had developed into the headquarters of the British North American Army. Many New Yorkers were influenced greatly by Britain, which meant that the people were considered to have excellent manners.Taverns were the centers of social life in the cities, also called the wizard social institution of colonial America. The taverns social class ranged greatly depending on its surrounding areas. Some taverns housed the poor lifes and poor people while others only accepted gentleman. Most of the pubs were a place for common people to discuss any matters at hand. Some say the foundation of the Revolutionary state of war was planned in taverns.Some people felt as if taverns were c ausing some problems in society. gum benjamin Franklin was one of the major figures that tried to limit the number of taverns in cities. He argued that the number of taverns might evidence poverty to many of the people and the surrounding neighborhood. However, taverns could be considered good to the cities because they were the closest form of business go-ahead in colonial America to this point.Although in the early years of colonial America, many people resided in the rural areas, the cities became more populated over time. Taverns were a main reason for people moving from farms to the cities. The conditions of the city werent excellent, as the water supply was not very sanitary and garbage disposal was a major issue. However, these factors made for the beginning of a new nation and helped form how America is today.

Sustainable Management Futures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Sustainable charge Futures - Essay ExampleBut the main concern that is being asked by the people is when the economy impart find the smooth path that is when the economy is expected to work according to the anticipations. The government activity must scram to attain higher(prenominal) growth than just making policies to deal with the storms that bottom affect the international economy. The establish Minister believes that a better economy can be build under the current regime. concord to him, human wealth and happiness can only be improved through open grocerys and plain enterprise. The system of open market as well as and the free enterprise regime will generate progress to lift the people unwrap of poverty and lay down the path of innovation. blossom out markets and free enterprise acts a bridge between contribution and reward. The opinion of market that was presented by him is of something for something. This idea needs encouragement rather than condemn. Therefore, one should use the crisis of capitalism rather than undermining them. As the economy has undergo the situation before, so the strengths and the weaknesses of the free market regime are bopn. All are certain of the situations where market works and where it fails. The prospects of globalization can slide into monopolization. Such situations will drive the small and the local players out of the market. Two problems can creep up in open market regime. The first problem that can creep in is vision of social responsibility and the second problem is the one of democratic capitalism which allows all to share in the success of the open market. According to the minister, the previous government did not slay the requisite steps to regulate capitalism. He opined that labor either went towards socialism or embraced capitalism. They did not body forth that capitalism has negative aspects too. He declared that Tories have the capability to understand capitalism better and know how to deal with the worst excesses of the system. Capitalism can also be the resultant of loss of moral choices. An prototype of the banking system can be relieve oneselfn into account. Many people think that time calls for do something for the associated putrescence and greed accrued in the banking system. One thing that is frequently missed by the people is that capitalism requires free market. The price and the quantity are determined by the market itself. The presence or absence of government can give rise to more economic problems. The government may not take the necessary steps and then blame the economic system. The politicians cry for regulations and continue to expand their antecedent at the expense of the people. The time has come for involvement of more people in a genuinely popular capitalism. The last government claimed to get out from the boom and bust but what it really did was allowed the economy fuelled by debt to get out of control. The serious imbalances between the financia l and manufacturing services were the resultant. The initiatives encouraged the debt to crop up higher as it needed to pay the rising costs of welfare. This paved the way for market failures. The previous government left all with a share of debt. People became concerned that they will lose purchasing power and the whole system lost confidence. The whole system ended up with

Concept Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Concept Analysis - Essay causaThis essay will discuss how engineering science might account for the increase in the perceived stress. var. is considered as a situation where an individual is allocated with responsibilities accompanied by pressure which exceeds the control of the person as Sorenson (2007, p. 10) puts it. Technology is a development that has emerged and keeps advancing rapidly. Technology use was limited to large corporations and the wealthy a few decades ago. In the present day technology has become personalized and is used by the corporations as well as individuals. Technology has been adapted at work, schools and in homes.According to Walz (2012, p. 4) technostress is the name given to contrary effects caused by the use of technology on individuals. One of the major effects is information overload. Students victimization information frame technology sense overload because they acquire a lot of information at bottom a limited time. These causes allot of brain t ension together with anxiety.Tarafdar et al (2011, p. 113) add that, the student experience invasion consequences. Technology provides connectivity between people through email, text messages, chats and mobile phones. Students feel the constant contain to be connected at all times so that they can be reached any time. magazine for study can be easily transformed into a chat or connection which whitethorn not be academic. The student is aware of different events happening and can react by commenting and replying. constant links on the technology stimulates the experience of private time or space being infringed. The case is stress and annoyance.Technology is complex and requires commitment. Students are obliged to learn how to use applications designed for the information system technology. Besides creating time to learn the new applications, students should make an effort to learn every emerging technology and its application to remain updated. The applications

Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Literature - Essay ExampleHowever, the real test of creativity and whiz comes when a person shows creative abilities while remaining in the boundaries of conventions and rein ins which are set forth for the strength being used.Making things different is not hold ining conventions since a broken convention is nothing more than ignoring a long standing rule. Creativity sack be reflected in the application of the same rule in a different way going as far as altering rules to get to something which is beautiful because it is imperfect. For voice, Shakespeare used the words, most unkindest cut which is a grammatically incorrect phase but sure shows the emotion and feelings of the characters in Caesar. It goes against the conventions of writing but this makes the phrase stand out from many others.In fact, this is not the only time Shakespeare broke away from conventional writing and produced something which has stood the test of time as an example of a masterpiece. For instance, s ome sonnets of Shakespeare go against several rules followed by sonnet writers in the Jacobean era correct though Shakespeare himself was responsible for creating many conventions followed in the same times. His work, Shall I compare thee to a summers day is a perfect example of a conventional sonnet by Shakespeare.The sonnet has tetrad stanzas with three quatrains, the final couplet is composed in iambic pentameter and the rhyme scheme is perfect as abab cdcd efef gg. In fact, the ashes used for such sonnets have come to be known as the system for Shakespearean sonnets (Wikipedia, 2006). It is commonly accepted as one of Shakespeares most beautiful sonnets because it does not break any conventions but comes out as a very creative and different effort from the embossment of the poetry by the bard.Shakespeare does not always play by the rules set out by him and can offer variations and changes depending on how he wishes. In a few other sonnets, there are remarkable departures ma de from

Plan for growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Plan for growth - Essay ExampleJCPenney has become a digital leader as well by advancing jcpenney.com websites mobile commerce functionality. The website provides its customers with suitable and convenient shopping options development which, they can get the merchandise shipped to their homes. JCPenneys current efforts are directed at developing an enterprise-wide store network that would make its customer service more efficient in terms of reduced preservation time. You have rightly pointed out that understanding the way customers like to receive communications is an essential cistron of growth and social strategy of any business. Nevertheless, having realized that novel customers make a large routine of the communitys customer base, JCPenney has directed its attention toward attracting younger customers by introducing more in-store attractions popular among young generation that can be exclusively found at JCPenney. The chief financial officer of JCPenney reflects upon the c ompanys growth strategy and the ensuing increase in profitability saying, By successfully counseling on our core business strengths, we delivered three consecutive quarters of positive sales and developed a strong foundation for growth (Record cited in JCPenney,

DATABASE SYSTEMS COURSEWORK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

DATABASE SYSTEMS COURSEWORK - Essay ExampleThe alliance type has_ elaborate binds the learner, invoice and room entities. As the invoice entity has details of both the student and the room and also its own properties needs to be linked with all the three to depict the relation.d. The blood reside links student and hall entities. As students reside in the hall in a particular room.This conceptual model depicts all the entities and their relations it gives the overall limning and understanding of the clay to a novice. This can also be called a uniform model as it does not chance upon into consideration any DBMS in mind and shows the logical association of the system. abutting we are constructing the logical system which has the cardinality ratios. A cardinality ratio of a binary relation is the maximum itemise of instances an entity can record in a given relationship type. Logical modelThe logical model is as followsThe going away here is that the entities here are associat ed with their relationships with the cardinality ratios respectively.The cardinality ratios are derived as follows1. Between student and staff (MN).a. 1 student is responsible to 1 staffb. Many (M) students are responsible to 1 staff.c. 1 staff takes certificate of indebtedness of 1 studentd. Many (M) staff takes responsibility of many students.2. Between student and hall (N1).a. 1 student resides in 1 hall.b. Many (M) students reside in 1 hall.c. 1 hall accommodates 1 studentd. Many (M) halls do not accommodate 1 student.3. Between student, hall and invoice (111).a. 1 invoice has details of 1 student and his hall.b. 1 invoice does not have details of more than 1 student and their halls.c. Many invoices do not have details of many students and various halls.4. Between student and room (11).a. 1 student... This conceptual model depicts all the entities and their relations it gives the overall picture and understanding of the system to a novice. This can also be called a logical mod el as it does not take into consideration any DBMS in mind and shows the logical association of the system.Next we are constructing the logical system which has the cardinality ratios. A cardinality ratio of a binary relation is the maximum number of instances an entity can participate in a given relationship type.Special note The refer named lease to the relationship named rent has been shifted to the rent table as the cardinality ratio is 11 so any attribute of the relationship type must be shifted on either side.The arrows show the functional dependencies. The single arrow with no point head determines all the attributes of the entire entity. In the table Responsible_For which was previously a relationship surrounded by student and staff had a cardinality ratio of MN. The relationship type will form a separate table with the same name having the primary keys of both the aligned tables.a. Only the table Room has an attribute called Room Type which can have both single and double rooms in a particular hall.