Ford or Apple Code of Ethics- Business ethic paper Term

Ford or Apple Code of Ethics- lineage ethic - Term Paper Example political boss Executive honorable Statement As Chief Executive of Apple Inc., I believe that in order for the organization to survive and succeed, it must wear a sound set of beliefs on which to base all its policies and actions. In addition, faithfulness to those beliefs is what will chequer corporate success, because it will influence our consumers as to our commitment to being socially responsible. Ferrell et al 2001), states that the globalization handle brings individuals of different nations, who bring their cultures, their laws, their values, and different sets of moral and ethical standards to business situations, and to this Apple Inc is totally cognizant, and will utilise such diverse resources to constantly update its ethical code of conduct, to more meaningfully reflect mettlesome degrees of relevance to what obtains in the market (Ferrell, F. 2001). Finally, if the organization is going to meet the challenges of changing world market conditions, it must be prepared to reinvent itself constantly around those established beliefs (Hitt, W.D 1990) Apple Inc. Statement of Ethical ruler Apple shall commit itself to invest in the communication means for educating the company employees, business associates and shareholders, to enable them pass their full potentials in terms of ethical behaviors. To this end it will endeavor to - Step up its visit and training at all locations around the world. - Make every effort to train all newborn employees during the first three months of their employment and periodically afterwards (www.dept.ttu.edu/financialandforms/codeofconduct-1-p4f.). - Introduce new guidelines for ethical standards on dormitories, late protection, medical non discriminations, pregnancy non-discrimination, and avoidance of involuntary labors, wages, equitable distribution benefits and the scheduling of working hours especially in Asia and Africa. - Evaluate its Manageme nt Commitment Index on a quarterly basis. - Monitor the ethics of the recruitment process on quarterly basis across all organizational lines. - Rate its Suppliers Responsibility conformity Index. And take action where appropriate. - Promote the highest levels of free expression of ideas and opinions across all organizational lines. -Protect the dignity and retirement of its employees, and ensure confidentiality in all records kept, as well as in their personal lifestyles. Apple Inc. - muster in of Code of Ethics The Code of Ethics shall be developed along the following outline, A. Introduction B The purpose of the code of ethics C. The Chief Executive ethical prospective D. Apple Statement of Ethical Principles E. Corporate Responsibilities F. Relationship with Shareholders G. carrying into action Policies H. Quality Assurance Audits I. Reporting Procedures J. Communication Policies (www.bcorporation.net) K. Educational Strategy Implementation Policies The Code of Ethics for Ap ple Inc. will be implemented using a 12 bill program (www.bcorporation.net). At the outset the program will be subjected to endorsements, integration, circulation, employee feedback, affirmations, contract affiliations, mandatory regular reviews, training, enforcement procedures, translations, networking, and one-year reporting. (www.bcorporation.net). Apple Inc. embraces John Stuart Mill

Idea of translation and related issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Idea of definition and related issue - Essay congresswomanThat is why there is such(prenominal) an aspect as a mis apprehensiveness or not understanding of the spoken or heard information. As the practice shows, such a thing as a pure translation is impossible. In any case there atomic number 18 some contributing factors such as the existence of opinions or attitudes to what is translated or interpreted by the person who translates, even some honorable or political reasons with the intention to influence the person who is aimed to hear the message, and so forth. So lets see how the issue of translation is considered by different scientists Emmanuel Levinas, Karl Marx in the context of the national of colonialism and translation and whose ideas and statements are supported by Dr. Suh and whose ones are denounced by him.To begin with it is necessary to admit that both translation theories of Emmanuel Levinas as well as Karl Marx are linked with each other as the first one serves a s a basis for the existence of the second one. We will start with Levinas who is well-known by his critics of the tradition of western sandwich philosophical though. According to him The sociality of language (or dialogue) cannot be reduced to the exchange of ideas surrounded by those who share the same grime of understanding and belong to the popularness (Suh). So the theory of Levinass translation is attached with the main theme of ethical and political practice with the concepts of the self and the other, that is, the problem of politics comes up because there are multiple others in the world (Suh). Another important part in realizing of Levinass theory of translation is his concepts of the saying and the said The key to connecting Levinass ethics to actual politics is understanding the relationship between saying and the said (Suh). In other words, the self and the other have almost nothing common between them thats

The usage of accounting numbers in management compensation contracts Assignment

The usage of invoice meter in bonkment compensation involves - Assignment Example(4 marks) b) adjust a association (other than Qantas) which uses accountancy rime in their vigilance compensation contracts. Identify the company and abandoned an example of an accounting number that they use in their management compensation contracts. NOTE the company must be an Australian company, currently listed on the stock exchange. You must not refer to any financial statements in advance 2012. Any references to financial statements should clearly indicate the number of the page referred to. (2 marks) c) On the 25th May, 2012, Hastie Group Ltd (http//www.hastiegroup.com.au) hash out the market that an employee deliberately caused irregularities in Hasties accounts in the 2008?09 financial year, leading to a $20 one million million million dollar adjustment to its full?year profit. Hasties announcement to the market indicated that some current and antecedent senior management may hav e participated in the irregularities and failed to apply the required standards of financial supervision and review. If Hasties executives had received bonuses based on this incorrect figure, do you believe they should have to return this money to the company? Why or why not? (4 marks) Answers a. A management compensation contracts is a type of contract that is designed to connect the shareholders goals with those of the executives or CEO. ... In order to diminish the costs, contracts are apply in the alignment of the stakeholders interests as wholesome as actions of the two parties by relying on accounting numbers that provide incentive in maximizing shareholders value (Beatty, Ramesh and Weber, 2002, Pp. 218-227). The strong demand for accounting numbers give ear in conceptualizing purpose of accounting information the evaluation as well as devising decisions on issues of allocating scarce resources. Therefore, there are accounting oriented measures that are formulated to enab le manage compensation contracts. These measures are utilized as a cost effective approaches in providing financial incentives allowing management in earning higher remuneration amounts in order to reach targets that have been set by accounting numbers to maximize shareholder interest. For instance, a management compensation contract stating that a director responsible for(p) for performance bonuses is supposed to rely on accounting numbers like equity ratios or dismiss profits in order to direct a directors compensation. This gives the management an incentive of make decisions liable to increase the shareholders value and at the same time trying to avoid NPV investments as well as reducing the consumption. Therefore, it is appropriate to conclude that accounting numbers utilized in compensation contracts assist in reducing agency costs as well as benefit the shareholders. b. The Woolworths Ltd Annual level 2012 shows clearly that management is compensated by utilizing Sort Term Incentives Plans (STP) as well as the vast Term Incentive Plans which constitute 40% of the remuneration offered to the Executive Directors. The STIP is based on accounting numbers like the

Cultural Relativism and Ethical Subjectivism Essay

cultural Relativism and Ethical Subjectivism - Essay ExampleThis research tells that heathen relativism is the belief about defining human actions on the basis of cultural values of an individual. Different cultures may have different ideas of right or violate and no idea plenty be considered as absolute. Ethical or moral subjectivism can be defined as the absence of definite or absolute moral right or wrong. It points that individuals may have their own versions of moral values and no standard can be set by the society. The idea that reality can non be absolute and relative is an attempt by the society to accept or sanction the differences amid the people. Cultural relativism and honorable subjectivism both argue that there cannot be one subdue solution to all problems and different people may perform differently in similar situations and they can still be right. Beliefs or attitudes of people are different and so they act differently in similar situations, and society canno t set a standard for what is right or wrong. An ethical subjectivist leave not believe in accepting absolute moral standards merely because of the fact that absolute moral standards cannot be known objectively. The absence of surety in the context of morality is the reason why subjectivism is supported by an ethical subjectivist. The idea is to allow an individual to think or act according to his belief simply because the true reality is not known. Everyone is therefore entitled to believe in his or her version of morality. Cultural relativism also vouches for differences among people on the account of differences between cultural values. Culture can be regarded as one of the strongest influence on a person because it shapes an individuals personality and thought patterns from childhood. This allows a cultural relativist to argue that different culture may have different interpretations of truth and therefore differences between cultures should be accounted for without arguing for a perfect realist view of truth. The similarity between these two viewpoints is that they both argue in favor of societal and individual versions of moral truths. Subjectivity and relativism are preached because we can only be relatively sure about anything. Individuals are allowed to behave differently on account of their culture or personal opinions because of this absence of surety when it comes to moral reality. The main criticism on both of these theories is that the society will be in a chaos if every person in the society starts to practice his or her own version of morality. Any idea about right or wrong cannot be left(p) to the individual (ethical subjectivism) or a group of individuals (cultural relativism) simply because of the lack of rational thought that is embedded in all societies. This criticism of subjectivity and relativism springs from the idea that people cannot be trusted for they may, and do, err in their complaisant judgments and society cannot be exposed to the madness of one or many. The reply to this argument by ethical subjectivist will base in a belief that human beings have an inherent sense of morality.

Gang News Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gang News - Essay ExampleBecause of these nefarious activities, takes in Maryland recognized the need to promote information campaign regarding the dangers of belonging to a gang.The program that would be implemented is called What You Dont Know Can Hurt You, and it will be taught to students in fifth through twelfth grades since these are the years that young people ordinarily develop a social need to belong. Although there is nothing wrong in searching for a social group, there are certain groups that can buoy have a negative influence to ones life such as gangs. Adolescents usually place a premium on their relationships with friends and peer pressure can make one knuckle under to doing misdemeanor. For this reason, it is important that a child or a student should be warned of the dangers behind joining gangs.The obligate cited the case of one student named Christopher Jones, who was killed by a neighborhood gang last year. The domain cry out resulted to the involvement no t only of the State Attorneys Office but other public agencies as well. This time, even the schools addressed the issue through the program. All the school administrators and educators agree that giving of import and timely information would help the students in avoiding gang members as well as being assort with such groups.Aside from the lectures about gangs, important issues that plague young people today such as stranger danger, internet safety and sexual abuse would be incorporated in the discussions with elementary school students. As for the middle school and grade school, an in-depth discussion on gang activities and recruitment would be given. focus would also be on the consequences of having a criminal record at a young age. Hopefully, such programs would be a deterrent in joining gangs.Some years ago, this state did not venture having this kind of problem since gang problems usually happen on the West Coast however,

Education in britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Education in britain - Essay Exampleey entertain a high standard of teaching, and efficient facilities that improve on the quality of teachings conducted by these institutions (Clughen, 2012). On this basis, around every student who passes through private schooling will qualify for a place in some of the British prestigious institutions. In Britain, it is mandatory for girls and boys to attend full time learning until they kick the bucket the shape ups of 16 twelvemonths.However, majority of students stay at school after the ages of 16 years for purposes of preparing themselves to attend university tuition, or for purposes of advancing their careers. In private schools, students usu bothy finish their education when they reach the ages of 18 years, and almost all these students ordinarily qualify to attend a university education at a prestigious university institution (Clughen, 2012). In 1988, Britain introduced a topic curriculum whereby all schools that are funded by the sta te must prolong (Smith, 2012). This national curriculum targets students who are of ages 5 to 18 years old. However, it is not mandatory for private school institutions to follow this curriculum. But, these private institutions have to prove that they offer an all round education system, and therefore, they are inspected on a regular basis.At state schools, every year of study has a number, for instance, primary education begins with year 1. Secondary education on the other hand begins with year 7, and majority of students begin their secondary education when they are of ages 11 years. However, in some private schools, children begin their secondary education when they are of age 13 years that is in year 9 of their studies. At the end of the fourth key level that is in year 11 children unremarkably take a series of examinations referred to as the GCSE. This examination usually comprises of between 8 to 10 subjects, and these subjects include Mathematics, English, Science, Religio us studies, etc. At the fifth key stage, students usually take an advanced

Migration in America Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Migration in the States - look into Paper Example domestic American Migrations Although we started the topic with that of immigrant population, when considering the influential ethnic groups in the country it is solely right to start with the natives of the country itself, the American Indians. In the early nineteenth century the native tribes of America were mostly concentrated in the agri ethnicly rich lands down south, west of the Mississippi river. As the United States outset growing in population and economic status, many of the white European settlers started moving towards the south in hunting of land and abundance. The native settlers proved an obstacle to the white dominion of the land and subsequently amidst the years 1814 to the 1824, the native settlers were driven out of their homes. As a result of various treaties that were signed mingled with the United States Government and the natives, they had to forfeit their ownership of their native lands, by virtue of the ri ght of occupancy indemnity adopted by the then United States Government and, settle for lands further west. Some left volitionally as a means of buying peace while other tribes fought for their freedom and stayed back in their lands. Subsequently after many wars the Indians spread their tribes in faraway lands and forced to sell themselves to slavery. Today the Native American tribes live in government-sponsored reservations governed by their respective tribal heads and retain undergone some urbanization. This migration is however not one effected by want for better economic conditions but is a forced migration. thereof from a relative viewpoint, it has not effected much economic growth since the Native Americans still come on to be a minority population in the country. African American Migrations The history of slavery in America started in the year 1808 and brought many of African ethnicity from different regions across the Atlantic as slaves to places interchangeable Oklaho ma and the agrarian states down south of the Mississippi. Some others who escaped slavery moved to other split along the coast. The slaves formed small communities and made their homes near their wealthy white masters, as they did not have any other means of survival. After the civil war and the abolition of slavery however the African American community started growing roots down south. Racial tension and discrimination in a white dominated society gave vent to the Great Migration between the years 1810 to 1830. The oppressed slaves fled from their homes in search of freedom as well as livelihood in other parts in the midwestern United States worry Chicago, North East like New York and New Jersey and far West like Los Angeles and San Francisco. Subsequent migrations in 1840 saw the African American population spreading themselves to other parts of the country. yet most of the African American population still longed for their homes down. Thus when the Civil Rights Act was passed, most African Americans migrated back to their homes with dreams of better economic and social conditions. The result of the first migrations saw great urbanization amongst the African Americans and in conditions which were less(prenominal) if not completely non-discriminatory. However with the new economic climate there is a trend of reverse migration back to south in search of lower cost of living and less pressures of urban life. The migratory pattern of the African American population is therefore driven by cultural and economic condition

The Ultimate Fall Out of the Subprime Crisis Essay

The Ultimate Fall out of the Subprime Crisis - Essay ExampleThis may include the loans that are advanced on both(prenominal) types of investment properties and to some self employee individuals. (Karen, 2007, p. 6)As such Subprime lending can be taken as one of tempestuous activities not only for the borrowers but also for the lenders. This is due to high interest rates, frequent poor realisation histories of the borrowers, potence adverse financial situation which may be encountered by the borrowers and others. This teach will construe at the Subprime problem that has rocked the US market and other markets in the world as puff up. There has been increase rate of home foreclosure and millions of the US homeowners have lost their homes. There is a general panic that has rocked the perseverance with so much uncertainty about its future. The paper looked at the Subprime crisis but leaned on the potential expunge out of the crisis. This study is important since other studies whi ch have been carried out on the subject have heavy on the overall cause and trend of the crisis but few have looked at the potential total out of the crisis and its consequences. The objective of the study was to render the trend in the crisis and therefore predict the potential resolve out. The study was carried out by collective, reviewing and analyzing secondary data in install to put facts together to understand the potential fire up out of the mortgage. ... From the study the authors has understood the trend in the current mortgage crisis, its causes and the potential interacting factor that have made it difficult to resolve it. The author has also understood the potential fall out of the crisis and from this it has been easily to add together up with the possible strategies that could be used in the future in order to avoid the repeat of such a crisis. Therefore the study has helped the author to understand the set up that Subprime crisis is likely to have on the lende rs and borrowers as well. Aims and objectives of the studyThe main bring of the study was to look into the Subprime crisis that has before long rocked the US home industry which has also been felt in other countries as well. In order to understand the topic well, the research was also aimed at looking into the developments in the Subprime crisis so as to come up with an understanding of the crisis and potential fall out and its effects on the homeowners. Therefore the main aim of the study was to study the ultimate fall out of the Subprime crisis.To achieve the aim of the study, there were specific objectives which had to be fulfilled first. This was important in order to understand the trend in the crisis and the potential consequences. The following were the objectives of the studyTo assess the main factors which have contributed to the Subprime crisisTo asses the trend in the Subprime crisisTo quantify the extent of damage that has been caused by the crisisTo evaluate the pote ntial effects of the crisisThrough the achievement of the objectives the study was able to understand the subject of study well and to draw upon conclusion on the potential effects of the crisis. Therefore they were

Politicians and Elections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Politicians and Elections - Essay ExampleThe expectations of the electorate regarding personal conduct and percent eonistics of politicians, immensely impacts the decisions of voters on the great deal to submit during the election period (Thurber, 2004). The perceptions held by the electorate significantly affects the decision making process of the electorates. Within governmental scenarios, various challenges define the success of policy-making agitate, including the presence of a crisis and the ability to handle the crisis amicably. These perceptions commonly legislate in three dimensions of personals character, associated individuals and characteristics regarding the citizenship of the person. During the campaign period, the politicians aim at convincing the electorate to change the negative perceptions held, regarding the politicians. The rhetoric method acting of self defense could be utilized in damage control of an individuals political character, as well as personal ch aracter. Though the method could be identified as containing paranoia or arrogance, the utilization of the method by George Hansen enabled him to continually get re-elected into the United States congress. The character of this politician underwent serious scrutiny within the congress, and outside the congress. During the campaigning period, Hansen continually employed the method of retireing rhetorical speeches as a demeanor of seeking to convince the electorate about his questionable character. The issues arising within the political scenario, surrounding Hansen, centered on his personal behavior and professional conduct (Short, 1987). This included felony charges and accusations of providing false information regarding his wealth. While defending his political character during the election period, Hansen immensely utilized rhetoric speech to persuade the electorate otherwise, regarding his tainted political character. Voters appear to aim the character competence of politician s over the proposed policies, and in turn increase the desire for politicians to present themselves as capable, disregardless of their perceived public image. The crisis within politics appears to affect the electorate decisions adversely hence the management of these issues remains fundamental to successful campaigning. Accusations of deceptive dealings between opposing candidates continue to present surmountable crisis within campaign teams. The response offered to the public could be termed as a damage control measure for the candidates. While any(prenominal) candidates might choose to answer such image tainting crisis through the media, others speak directly to the electorate as a way of convincing them. Political analysis cannot define the better method of crisis control however the candidates choose modalities which they deem fit for their campaign teams. Proper handling of political crisis stands between success and failure for any prospective political candidate in moder n politics. The challenges presented by political crisis could adversely affect the opportunity of candidates getting elected into prospective seats. In handling the political crisis that questioned his integrity, Hansen delivered speeches to the electorate. Concerning the prevalent issue of age, President Reagan failed to deliver any speech however, he rhetorically joked about the issue and utterly ended the recurrent speculations regarding his age (Hahn, 1987). The methods utilized in handling political crisis depend heavily

Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lab Report Exampleinch from the bottom of the crucible and it was isolated with the help of a glass fiber to make the cooling process of the sample retard. This gave the experimenter replete time to collect the data require (the change of temperature versus time). Every 5 seconds, the temperature was noted until the sample of swimming Tin reached a temperature near 150C (10C preceding(prenominal) the freezing point of staring(a) Tin) in order to frustrate the thermocouple sheath from freezing. After the data was collected, a plot of temperature versus time was developed. The plot took the form of a curve, which is the Tin-cooling curve. The curve shows the cooling process,. Abstract This experiment was directed at determining the melting point of pure Tin. For this purpose, a ceramic crucible containing pure Tin was heated in a furnace up to the temperature that was expectedly above the melting point of pure Tin. Once that was achieved, the sample of liquid Tin was put into a container that was fill with sand. A thermocouple sheath was placed into the melted Tin and was isolated with the help of a glass fiber. This retarded the cooling process of the sample of Tin and provided the experimenter with enough time to collect all of the required data (the change of temperature versus time).

Annotated Outline and Bibliography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Annotated Outline and Bibliography - Assignment ExampleIn the military, leaders ar in place to train new leaders and in business the means for teaching leading is not different. As the Chief Executives within an organization, their influence is something that people look up to for guide on how the daily operation should run. Influence is the active relationship among people however, also inherent in this exposition is the concept that influence is multidirectional and noncoercive (Draft and Lane, 2008). A governing board is put together to run as a unit in order to get the job make, but the current means of getting that done is illustrated through the leadership on the board. The means of how one leads can also become a problem, specially if that management style is one that micro manages employees.Communication plays a pivotal part when examining prime(a) issues within an organization. In regards to communication, the lack of proper channels to relay information is one of man y problems within RHC. true leadership lacks the skill especially to professionally transmit verbal communication.This book characterizes a lean of the finest methods, organization, and outcomes for conglomerate key areas of management in a healthcare organisation. According to the author, the manager has to apply a number of processes and designs to ensure quality in the organisation. These include open systems, community-focused strategic management, and continuous improvement are discussed on with issues such as personal and public health, patient motivations, and safe, effective, efficient patient care. The governing board is authorised based on its mission and vision, budgeting, quality, membership, board performance, compensation, effectiveness, and legal issues regarding board membership and authority. Basing on the decision opening used to constitute a clinical quality improvement model, RHC may implement protocols to improve the quality of healthcare in accordance wit h realistic

The Effects of Robotics in Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The effects of Robotics in Industry - Essay ExampleIndustrial robotic subroutine has had an effect on the level of mathematical product and has affected the moral components of ca-caers within the firms. Robotics has influences firms policy on human elements. The division of labor has been based on safety, complexity and the risk factors. Firms have chosen to design models that effectively increase their intersection and at the comparable time ensure safety within the working environments.Safety is a major concern to numerous firms. Industries have been subject to court dispute over compensation and other damages inflicted to employees. Firms have pass huge amount of resources in compensating employees. The utilization of robotics in the production line has had a positive jounce on the running of different firms. Firms have reduced the risk factors involved while manufacturing. The limited wont of human labor in high-risk units along the production line has positively impro ved production and reduces the number of accidents. The firm has been able to perform high-risk functions and maintain lineament (Mathia, 2010). The human element is an great factor in production hence their safety needs to guarantee. The combined use of robotics and humans in industries has enhanced production. Safety being a major concern, firms Firms have been able to design models that improve quality and comply with the safety. The employee wellbeing is a major issue and safety is an essential component while addressing welfare issues. A safe working environment would mean that employees produce at full capacity. The output of a given firm would depend upon the internal environment. The environmental factors in this case implies reduced accidents In this case, the use of robotics in the production line could positively influence production and ensure steady flow of work (Nof, 1999). The manufacturing industry requires a system that ensures productivity and complies with the existing

EMs education program for a community based on EMS related issues Essay

EMs preparation program for a friendship based on EMS related issues within the community - Essay ExampleSuch areas are majorly faced by the EMS business of disease outbreak. These areas are forever and a day faced with malaria outbreak thus high mortality rate of both children and adults. Accessing health facilities is a problem to such people because of the following reasons. Poverty level, poor transport, poor communication. Unless health facilities and governments come up with prospicient lasting strategies to avert the situation, then the nationals in such areas continue to suffer more and more.The community education program that can be employed to avert the above situation of malaria epidemic is first to develop, pull in and disseminate the necessary information on the importance of good health to individuals and the importance of living in clean environment. In this case, professionals dexterous in the field of medicine should be given the first precedence to undertake the exercise. The training programs should also be made affordable and accessible so as to get through the entire destruction.There are some established communities agencies which I can well involve myself in and offer up the program. These agencies are either private or public but with a common goal of providing quick response to any medical care in a certain community. These agencies include NHTSA. This representation has been leading for the past forty years in the provision of a system approach to jot medical services in various communities. Volunteers and other trained medical personnel have teamed up in the past to provide much assistance to these communities. NEMSIS (National Emergency Medical Services Information System) is another(prenominal) cooperative agency in the same ( Brenna, pg. 60).Research shows that there few developed programs designed to provide emergency medical services. This is due to some challenges faced such as lack of adequate trained personnel to c onduct such services, slow response to cases of emergency in rural

Service operations managements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

suffice trading operations managements - Essay Examplehai Banking Corporation (HSBC), which be highly critical services and need absolute node focus besides thorough beaching knowledge and skills and effective operations management.Service operations management is a large and critical business sector. Besides client satisfaction, service operations managers are also answerable for continuous improvement and cost-saving objectives. These are to be achieved with the available resources such as materials, staff, equipment and process technology (Johnston & Clark, 2008). Service operations management also holds specialized skills and competencies in terms of the five main management functions, planning, organising, leading, set up and controlling. These five core functions are achieved through strategic planning and management, effective leadership, technology and skills, and human resources management. In general, these functions seem quite similar to any other service/productio n management however, the practices, policies, and approaches differ in the service industry.In service operations, all operational functions are pre-planned and assessed in terms of costs, infrastructure, staffing etc these operational functions require the support of other functions like the administration, facilities, human resources department, training and quality assessment departments etc. All functions are strategically aligned to the organisations main goal. Among HSBCs five core business principles, customer service, effective and efficient operations, strict expense discipline through teamworking and organisational commitment form the grounding principles for carrying prohibited efficient service management (HSBC Holdings plc, 2001). Amongst the hundreds of different services provided by the global bank, payment services forms matchless critical unit and service which has sound impact on its customers as well as the bank itself.Capacity planning is the process of calcul ating the capacity of materials, personnel

Describe arts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Describe stratagems - Essay ExampleComponents of the model include but argon not limited to bullet lead, paper pulp and bone dust. The bone dust symbolizes human study that were crashed in the battle. Paper pulp represents the soldiers letters for their spouses that could not reach their homes. Experiences of all groups like the personnel of medical corps, widows of the soldiers who fought in the battle, and veterans have been narrated in the model developed by Robleto. The model sufficiently conveys their painful experiences. such(prenominal) models make an excellent source of information for the young generation. Image 2 set Work. (MCA DENVER). Piece Work shown in the figure above has been made by the artist Allison Smith who is an artist from Oakland. In this exhibition, Smith will display through sculptures and papers, works that come from various traditions and different forms of decorative art in America. In the very exhibition, there will be displayed a braided rug that was started by the artist and has been finished by various visitors on the gallery site. A large number of the pieces of artistic creation reflect different aspects of the culture that emerged in the time of the war. Such features include but are not limited to the rug and the cloth marks meant to prevent gas from getting inhaled.

Japanese Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nipponese engineering science - Essay ExampleThis accounts to above $130 billion. A further indication of what japan is dependent of producing is the feature that it is the landed estate that has received most Nobel prizes in Asia. These are facts evidence in the book, Culture and Technology in Modern Japan by Inkster Ian and Satofuka Fumihiko, as will be analyzed in this paper.It is overly important to none that Japan is the one country in the entire globe that has prime supranational conglomerates such as Canon, Sony, Sharp, Panasonic, Hitachi, Fujitsi, Toshiba, Epson, and NEC. Other great companies from Japan include Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Mitsubishi, Subaru, and Mazda. Japans innovative temper can also be found in such fields as Robotics, Chemicals, Metals, Semi conductors, and Optics. The awing ability of Japan can be emphasized by the fact that it owns more than half of the valet industrial robots. Moreover, six of the largest automotives of the world manufacturers ha ve a Japanese origin.A world research on technology has also held that Japan has the most developed rail transport in the world. Madlev train is the winged train in train in the entire globe with a speed of 581 kilometers per hour. This has for long, remained unbeaten. Needless to say, Japan rules the world space. The Exploration Agency and Aerospace are the reasons and foundations for Japans space related development and research. This has lead to excellence in rocket development making its contribution to technology within the space commendable.The fact that Japan depends entirely on imported fuel its priority has been centered on nuclear energy. It is the third chief worlds nuclear power. Currently, the country has 55 nuclear reactors, which provide 35% of the countrys electricity. The only energy that has proved hard to be produced in Japan is wind energy. This does not mean that Japan does not have the technology and

Business Letter to the Editor for Western Herald Essay Example for Free

Business Letter to the Editor for Hesperian Herald EssayOverviewWith the previous unit, we explored personal writing suitable for academic audiences by reading learnedness from monographic texts and academic journals. For this unit, well shift our emphasis to public writing that is also suitable for academic audiences. While well see to read academic scholarship, well also explore different genres for which academic texts are suitable, including editorial publications. More specifically, well looking at opinions and letters to the editor published by the Hesperian Herald. As we plan to work specifically with the letter to the editor genre, well pay close attention to how argumentation styles, uses of evidence, and consultation of sources differs when writing a studious autobiographical academic essay. To prepare for the composition of editorials, well read sample letters to the editors, and arguments pertaining to cultural diversity.The TaskYour working class will be to compose a letter to the editor that is suitable for publication in Western Herald. For this letter, you will select an issue that you are passionate about on Westerns Campus or the surrounding Kalamazoo area. Your letter should respond to the following questions What specific issue matters most to me right now? wherefore should this issue matter to readers of Western Herald?To complete this assignment, youll first want to become familiar with theeditorial requirements for submitting letters to Western Herald. These requirements can be found on http//www.westernherald.com/letter-to-the-editor/ Next, youll want to read a hardly a(prenominal) letters to the editor published by Western Herlad to get a sense of the stylistics conventions and argumentation strategies authors utilise to compose these editorials. Finally, youll consult course texts that discuss multiculturalism and diversity. Youll also plan to locate, evaluate, and consult additional editorials and academic essays that wrap up issues of linguistic diversity. In essence, youll need to reference sufficient and appropriate evidence necessary for persuading readers of your argument.

Life Is a Dream Essay Example for Free

Life Is a Dream goHistorical backgroundSpain was united after the Moorish occupation (711-1400s). However, it also left Spain as a cultural powerhouse in Europe which was still largely medieval in 15th century. Spanish philosophers and scholars exerted strong influence and their craftsmen were well kn feature across Europe.Ferdinand and Isabella united Spain and by 1492 expelled the Moors entirely form the country. They were situated to Christianize Spain and instituted the Inquisition to hunt down and punish heretics/in addition to the Moors tey expelled all the Jews from the country. Influences from both the Moors and Catholics be evident in the Spanish drama Moorish heritage in the attitude towards women and honor Catholic influence-religious faith and doctrine-God and church.Spain was the dominant world power for al some two centuries-1492 expansion and occupation of many lands in America, Africa parts of Europe-Portugal, Sicily, Netherlands. This gave the nation a sense of stability, confidence, energy-also evident in the theater.Religious drama-auto sacramentale- were extremely popular and performed regularly even after they had become obsolete in the rest of Europe. Professional troupes were organized for this purpose-best composers were hired to write them. They were produced on carts (carros) roughly 16 feet long and 36 feet tall-thus having two levels.Eventually they used 4 carros as a permanent stage-actors were reharsing for a long time and were presenting for the city council before the performance could get sanction for the public. Autos were performed for 200 years until the decline in mid 1700sBy the end of the 16th century-several dramatic geners appearedComedia-3 act dramas or comedies.Cape and Sword-about lowly gentlemen and Cuerpo (Noise) about kings and mythological characters, saints-actions in remote places.Lope de Vega1562-1635-One of the most famous and prolific playwrights-a nobleman, soldier, businessman, lover and finally a priest. He wrote over 1600 plays some-450 have survived. Often compared to Shakespeare, he did not have the depth and insight into human nature-he preferred to end plays with happy endings-looking at the overbearing side.Pedro Calderon de La Barca1600-1681Wrote about 200 plays of which a 100 survived. He wrote Cape and Sword comedies-love triangles that are happily resolved. He also wrote serious plays about jealousy and honor. Most famously he wrote a subroutine of autos-his were the most popular and the form declined after his death.LIFE IS A DREAM1636A philosophical metaphor about the human situation and the mystery of life. It is a tragi-comedy-has elements of both. All major characters suspended between unlike duties-promises and expectations of what is to be done.Clotaldo has a duty to kill anyone who sees Segismundo but also can not kill his own daughteras his duty is to protect her. Sgismundo kills his helpers the rebels as he has a duty to the kingdom. As in a classica l comedy everyone gets married at the end but the couples are strange or unexpected-Segismundo marries Estrella instead of Rosaura-she marries Astolfo as he has ruined her honor.AnalogiesDreams to theater as theater to lifeDreams to life as life to afterlifeBasilio is rebuked in the play as he wants to find out his fate-only God knows your fate.Women were allowed on stage from the end of the 16th century. Cross-dressing was forbidden so Rosaura appears as a half-monster-half-male, half female clothing.

Discuss the character of Banquo and his role in Macbeth Essay Example for Free

Discuss the sh be of Banquo and his role in Macbeth EssayBanquo was ane of Duncans brave generals. He was a man of honour and integrity. He held the same rank as Macbeth and they were truly closely linked characters. They were courageous and loyal warriors. They both witnessed the Witches prophesies and their afterlife successes were foretold throughout the play. Banquo had a generous spirit and a rational view of the world and had the attributes required by a good King, however, Banquo was an ambiguous character, in that he was sceptical of Macbeths manner follo realizeg their encounter with the Witches. Macbeths beliefs disordered Banquo, as he was a good man and he believed deeply in upholding Gods rule of order. Banquo perceive that the Witches prophesies prompted new reactions in Macbeth further encouraging his ambitions towards kingship.Banquos first encounter with the Witches was quite unbelievable to him and he remarked to Macbeth,What are these,So withered, and s o wild in their attire,That look not like thinhabitants oth earth,And yet are on,t?,Banquos course describe Macbeths startled and uneasy reaction to the Witches prophesies, touching moral confusion in Macbeth by dictum to him,Good sir, why do you start, and seem to fearThings that do not sound so funfair?The half rhyme fear and fair echoes the Witches previous fair and foul. Al atomic number 19gh Banquo was not afraid of the Witches, he noneffervescent wanted them to speak to him but at the same time he wished to remain detached from them. He addressed the Witches, saying,Speak to me, who neither beg, nor fearYour favours nor your hate.The Witches in turn replied, kB shalt get Kings, though thou be none.The Witches directed most of their prophesies towards Macbeth and Banquo noticed how lost in thought his companion was because of this experience and remarked, opinion how our partners rapt.When the Witches vanished, Banquo and Macbeth were astounded, wondering if what they had j ust witnessed was indeed real or just fantasy.When Banquo heard that Macbeth was to become Thane of Cawdor, in telephone circuit to Macbeths excitement, he showed wariness and sensed that the Witches words might be deceitful by telling Macbeth,And oftentimes, to win us to our harm,The instruments of darkness tell us truths,Win us with honest trifles, to betraysIn deepest consequence.Banquo is clear-sighted in his summary of the way of temptation. However, resisting the prophecies was a struggle, even for Banquo. He said to his son Fleance,Merciful powers,Restrain in me the cursed thoughts that natureGives way to in reposeBanquo was clearly disturbed by all the impertinent events that had taken place. He was afraid to sleep and the Witches words returned to him in his dreams when he did so.After King Duncan was murdered, Banquo became very suspicious of Macbeth and was becoming concerned about his destiny. He spoke of this to the Kings son Malcolm,In the great mass of God I stand, and thenceAgainst the undivulged pretence I fightOf treasonous malice.However, I criticize Banquo because of his passivity when he says, soon afterwards,Thou hast it all now, King, Cawdor, Glamis, allAs the weird women promised, and I fearThou playdst most foully fortIt was obvious that Banquo suspected Macbeths involvement in Duncans death, yet he took no steps against Macbeth. I suspect this was because Banquo had ambition too, like Macbeth when he says,May they not be my oracles as well,And set me up in hope? But hush, no more.Macbeths prophecy had come true, so he hoped, perhaps it would all happen for him and he would father a line of Kings.Banquos inaction and suspicions of Macbeth attracted Macbethsattention as his soliloquy in Act 3 denotes,Our fears in BanquoStick deep, and in his royalty of natureReigns that which would be feared.Then at the end of his soliloquy he really expresses his innermost thoughts by saying,Only for them, and mine eternal jewelGiven to the common e nemy of man,To make them Kings, the seed of Banquo KingsThis showed that he was determined that no- one would interfere with his kingship. Macbeth saw Banquo as simply too strong and honourable a rival to be left alive. Here again, we see that Macbeth and Banquo were closely linked. They were both tragic and doomed with flaws within themselves.Macbeth became obsessed by irrational passions, then anger and fear took hold, resulting in Macbeth having Banquo murdered. Macbeth held a banquet to celebrate his kingship which Banquo had agreed to hang up as chief guest. He was indeed chief guest, but only visible to Macbeth as a ghost, taunting him, driving him insane with guilt. Macbeth felt this ghost was real, but it was only an extension of the evil in Macbeths troubled mind. This hysterical reaction in Macbeths vision aroused the suspicions of the lords attending. All this behaviour exhibited Macbeth as solely deranged, however, it was Banquo who finally exposed Macbeths deceptivene ss by appearing to him as an avenging angel and deeply highlighting Macbeths guilt. there were contrasts in Banquos character. He was honourable to the King, yet, he was pathetic, unable to act when his suspicions of Macbeths evil were obvious. There is also certainty of contrast between Macbeth and Banquo in Act 2. I, when neither of them can sleep. Banquo was tormented by the Witches predictions and Macbeth was driven by them. Banquo really wanted what the Witches predicted, but at the same time he wanted to keep a clear conscience. He also observed how Macbeth changed from a loyal warrior into a self-seeking tyrant, but with everything fortuity so hastily he might not have had the time to act upon his suspicions and maybe he thought about the fact that his suspicions may have been wrong. Banquo clearly displays signs of ambiguity throughout the play.

Ethical Issues in Research Essay Example for Free

Ethical Issues in look EssayEthical issues be essential factors that must be springtimen ascribable and strait-laced term in research. This becomes even more applicable when researchers deal with studies that involve human creations and animals. Numerous look intos argon being made to achieve progress in various fields of discipline, including psychology. In doing so, human beings and animals must be protected, especially since using them in these experiments involves their well-being. For this reason, honorable standards are established.Ethical standards serve as the guidelines that govern the proper and improper participation and utilization of these life forms in research (University of Alberta, 2008). These standards ensure that studies which involve human beings and animals are subjected to limitations so that they would not be taken advantage of. According to the British Psychological Society (BPS) (2008), ethical guidelines give importance to respecting an individ ual as the researchers should not express any sign of prejudice toward the participants due to differences in racial descent, sexuality, language, and such.The privacy of the participants should also be respected. Thus, researchers must only acquire the personal education necessary for the study, and this information must be kept confidential. The researchers should also obtain the consent of the individuals who will get into in the study. During the study itself, participants should also be protected from any kind of harm, may it be mental (e. g. , stress and anxiety) or physical.Moreover, the researchers also have to respect the participants right to leave an experiment any time that he or she wishes to. In another perspective, ethics tend to limit the development of psychological science. Since there are many guidelines and rules that have to be followed, researchers do not have in full control over their participants. This sometimes hinders and impedes the experimentation p rocess. Furthermore, obtaining the necessary license for this kind of research could be time-consuming, which foundation be used for the study itself (BPS, 2008).Scientists should accept and follow the limitations brought about by ethical guidelines because these guidelines only give due importance to the life of the participants. The main justification for these research studies is that the findings obtained from these would contribute to the knowledge and information on various fields of discipline and help improve the lives of individuals. This gives such studies an objective that is morally good (National academy of Sciences, 2006). Hence, scientists should value the lives of the people they claim to help.Lastly, the one responsible in identifying the parameters of the participants protection are competent organizations that are familiar with the field of study being researched. In the case of the United States, the American Psychological experience (APA) (2008) is an organiz ation that represents the psychologists in the U. S. APA (2008) implements an ethics code that every member of the organization must adhere to.ReferencesAmerican Psychological Association. (2008). APA Ethics Office. Retrieved kinsfolk 15, 2008, from http//www. apa. org/ethics/.British Psychological Society. (2008). Ethics. Scienceaid. co. uk. Retrieved September 15, 2008, from http//scienceaid. co. uk/psychology/approaches/ethics. html. National Academy of Sciences. (2006). scientific and ethical justification for using animals in research. Online Ethics Center for Engineering. Retrieved September 15, 2008, from http//www. onlineethics. org/cms/16216. aspx. University of Alberta. (2008). Human Ethics, Biohazards, and Animal Welfare. Retrieved September 15, 2008, from http//www. rso. ualberta. ca/certification. cfm.

Uniformity of a Leader Essay Example for Free

Uniformity of a Leader Essaya. The Continental spends was created 14JUNE1776 and was primarily made up of civilians. They endu rubor hardships but they had little organization. General Washington enlisted the help of the Prussian police officer Baron Friedrich Von Steuben through Benjamin F social statuslin to teach the men drill. Discipline became a part of military life for these selected individuals as they learned to respond to command without hesitation. As the Americans mastered the art of drill, they began to work as a team and to develop a sense of pride in themselves and in their unit. b. Regulations published in 1779 afford the host uniform as blue with colored facings based on region white for invigorated England red for the Mid-Atlantic and blue for the South. Musicians wore uniform coats in reverse colors. In 1782, blue coats faced red became standard for everyone except generals and staff officers.c. The Advanced Combat Uniform (ACU) started replacing the Bat tle Dress Uniform(BDU) and the desert Camouflage Uniform (DCU) as the combat and garrison uniform in early 2005.d. In 2010, the MultiCam ACU was ratified to wear for soldiers deploying to Afghanistan.3. Importance of Uniformity as a Leader-a. The Army is a uniformed service where go over is judged, in part, by the manner in which a soldier wears a prescribed uniform, as wellspring as by the individuals personalNGOK-RTI-GSOSUBJECT History and Importance of Uniformity as a Leader appearance. Therefore, a neat and well-groomed appearance by exclusively soldiers is fundamental to the Army and contributes to create the pride and esprit essential to an effective military force. A vital ingredient of the Armys carriage and military effectiveness is the pride and self discipline that American soldiers bring to their Service through a conservative military image. It is the responsibility of commanders to ensure that military personnel under their command present a neat and soldierly appearance.Therefore, in the absence of specific procedures or guidelines, commanders moldiness determine a soldiers compliance with standards in this regulation. Soldiers must take pride in their appearance at all times, in or out of uniform, on and off duty. Pride in appearance includes soldiers physical physical fitness and adherence to acceptable burthen standards, in accordance with AR 6009.(AR 670-1 Paragraph 1-7a, Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia 03 February 2005)b. Every soldier has certain duties, responsibilities, and most have some level of authority. You should know what these are and how they entertain to you. One of your obligations as a soldier is to carry out your duties to standard and the best of your ability. Bear your responsibilities knowing that you are part of a great team that only works well when each of its members do their best. If you are in a leadership position, exert authority to build the team and develop your soldiers. Your peer soldiers are depending on you each and every day to make tough decisions based on your rank and duty position. (FM 7-21.13, Chapter 3-1, 15 October 2003)c. Uniformity helps keep soldiers safe. By creating a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), soldiers testament know where to find important items to help their comrades when injured during battle.e. Keeping a soldier on confidential information is the key element in solving performance problems. Motivated soldiers keep the group functioning and planning productive. Ultimately soldiers accomplish the training objectives, and most importantly, the mission. Some leaders believe that soldiers work as judge simply because that is their job. That may be true, but soldiers and leaders also need a simple pat-on-the-back at once in a while, for a job well done. Good leaders praise their soldiers and care just about the job they are doing. Soldiers not performing to standard need correction. (FM 7-21.13, Chapter 3-45, 15 October 2003)f. Pride in self starts with pride in appearance. Army leaders are expected to look and act like professionals. They must know how to wear the appropriate uniform or civilian attire and do so with pride. Soldiers seen in public with their jackets unbuttoned and ties undone do not send a message of pride and professionalism. Instead, they allow down their unit and fellow Soldiers in the eyes of the American people. Meeting prescribed height and weight standards is another integral part of the professional role. How leaders carry themselves when displaying military courtesy and appearance sends a clear signal I am NGOK-RTI-GSO SUBJECT History and Importance of Uniformity as a Leader proud of my uniform, my unit, and my country.

EPA †Policy-making in the Federal System Essay Example for Free

EPA Policy-making in the Federal System EssayThe federal official government enacted the Clean Air recreate, so as to protect the citizens of the United States. At the same snip Congress created the Environmental resistance Agency with its primary role of regulating and the enforcement of environmental policies at the affirm and tribal levels.A brief history on bare pollution, in October 1928 in the industrial townspeople of Donora Pennsylvania a thick cloud formed. This thick cloud lingered for five days, causing sickness in 6,000 and killing 20 of the towns people. And in 1952, over 3,000 people died in London to what is know as the Killer Fog. These events alerted the federal government to the dangers that sens come from air pollution and the open health issues that can arise from pollutants in the air. The original Clean Air Act of 1963 was passed, establishing funding for the say and cleaning of air pollution.The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established and began operating on celestial latitude 2, 1970. The EPAs primary responsibility is enforcing and regulating the laws, these regulations and laws are for protecting the environment and universal health. The EPA is a restrictive agency that Congress has authorizes to write regulation that explains the critical details that are necessary to implement environmental laws. (epa.gov/laws-regulation)The Clean Air Act 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. (1970), regulated air emissions from stationary and mobile sources. With the approval of this Act the EPA was able to establish the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) which regulates emissions of hazardous air pollutants that can slander public health.The Energy Policy Act 42 USC 13201 et seq. (2005) addressing energyproduction in the United States, much(prenominal) as Energy efficiency Renewable energy Oil and gas Coal Nuclear matters Vehicles and ram fuels. This Act provides loan guarantees for entities that develop or use inventive was that avoid producing greenhouse gases. Another purvey of the Act increases the amount of biofuel that must be mixed with gasoline sold in the United States. (epa.gov/laws-regulation)the Statess federal environmental laws set national standards, and on the condition that a state can shoulder the crucial task by enforcing these standards, they do by adopting laws that are as severe as the federal laws. Many states have assumed these responsibilities of enforcing the national standards by giving responsibility of specific programs passim agencies within the state. The federal government is the overseer that enforces all cases and supervises the states activities while also monitoring state and the tribal operations of the Environmental Protection Agency programs. The Environmental Protection Agency supports the states and tribes to achieve effective enforcement and environmental compliance, and maintains support approved state programs through grant funds, and i nvolvement.The Environmental Protection Agencies and state agencies make dynamical efforts to educate the regulated community. A numerous compliance assistance tools have been put in fall out to help business, industry and state governments to conform to the environmental requirements. Web sites have been developed hotlines, workshops, compliance training, position sheets, and additional compliance guidelines are given to the regulated community.The Clean School Bus Program unites businesses, education, transportation, and public health organizations to encourage actions to stop the unnecessary idling of public schools busses. Modifying old schools busses with better emissions control technologies and proving pristine fuels.The EPA is publishing a proposed rule headinged to clip air pollution, in 2017 the Tier 3 design would set new standards for vehicle emissions criteria and lessen the sulfur found in gasoline. This new rule would reduce tailpipe and evaporative emissions. Th e lower sulfur gasoline will improvefuel economy by bring down gas consumption as well as reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.The Environmental Protection Agency seeks to provide a healthy environment. By partnership-building with states and communities the reduction of environmental pollutants becomes a joint venture.ReferencesRetrieved from http//www2.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-energy-policy-act Retrieved from http//www.epa.gov/otaq/documents/tier3/420f13016a.pdf Retrieved from http//www.epa.gov/air/caa/peg/understand.html

Christmas - 8th Grade Expository Example Essay Example for Free

Christmas 8th come out Expository Example EssayCity sidewalks, busy sidewalks dressed in holiday style In the air, theres a feeling of Christmas My favorite holiday has always been Christmas. I love everything most it One of the best things almost Christmas judgment of conviction is that we get such a long time off from in dummy up. In addition to that, my family flies back home to dad in December, so we always get to construe snow. We also spend time with family and friends playing games and exchanging gifts, which is always a lot of fun. Of all the holidays, I imply Christmas is the best Towards the end of December, we all really need a take apart, and Christmas defect comes at just the accountability time, lasting just over two weeks Its so gracious to wipe out off from school at a time when theres great holiday music on the piano tuner and great sales in all the stores.Not to mention the fantastic foods filling my plate as I go to all the holiday get-togethers. I dont equivalent too umteen gatherings, though, sometimes I just comparable to rest. I try to spend most of my time on the long break relaxing and enjoying family. Speaking of family, I get to fly back home to Pennsylvania over Christmas Break to visit my relatives. It is always snowy in Pennsylvania in December, so thats an exciting part our spend for my sister and me. We go to my cousins house and ride four wheelers in the snow, move inner tubes behind them. Our parents usually get some great videos of us playing in the snow. wear year we stayed outside so long in a snowstorm, that our hair was caked with snow by the time we came in It looked like we had white dreadlocks It is always so fun having adventures with my cousins, aunts, uncles, and grandparents back home in Pennsylvania. In addition to all of our snowy adventures, we also spend lots of time indoors with family and friends playing games and exchanging gifts.My grandmother buys tons of little gifts mostly candy and dollar store items, but a few nice things, too that she wraps up and uses as prizes in a game that the whole family plays. There are slightly twenty of us sitting around her long dining room table, and we roll dice for about two minutes. Whenever anyone rolls doubles, they get to take a present. When all the presents are gone, but theres still time on the clock, you get to steal someone elses present Its kind of heavy to explain, but its the most fun our family has at the holidays.Spending time with all of my family over Christmas Break is a great time that is very special to meand getting little gifts is an added bonus Just like most people I know, I think Christmas is the best holiday ever Having such a long time off from school is a much-needed break in the middle of the school year. Because the break is so long, my family can fit in time to fly back home to Pennsylvania to have some fun playing in the snow. The fun continues indoors with family games and gifts, always a highlight of the vacation. This vacation is something I look forward to all year round. Christmas brings me so much happinessjust like those Silver Bells. Ring-a-ling.Hear them ring Soon it will be Christmas Day.

Cult and Terror Groups Essay Example for Free

fad and Terror Groups EssayNo integrity in his right mind would volunteer to join a bratwurstist convention or a frenzy. It boggles the mind wherefore people would all toldow themselves to suffer by connexion a secretive organization that demands absolute obedience and self-less sacrifice. yet if then again, one has to see it pull in their bespeak of view for the outside world may see a scare group or a personality furore however for the members they see different. They see themselves a part of a license fighting organization or a group that exists to save the world. Irregardless of what is the correct view the apparent motion re primary(prenominal)s why would anybody wants to be a terrorist or a member of a cult? This theatre of operations allow for take a look at cults and terror groups based on the writings of The Jonestown cult It has already been said, no one in his right mind would like to join a cult. And here(predicate) is why, in a nutshell, a cult i s secretive organization where members pitch their collective rights to follow the whims and desires of a leader or a small group of leaders. Who would like to be part of nigh affaire like that?Who would surrender personal freedoms on account of an early(a) human being? But on that point are at least three major reasons why an unsuspecting person is sucked into a powerful black yap such as a personality cult and these are enumerated as follows 1. A deep stimulated and psychological need that finds fulfillment within the cult 2. Finding a horse sense of purpose in the vision of the leader(s) and 3. A series of events or signs that seems to confirm the sincerity, divine right, and authority of the particular leader. Emotional take onThere is no need to elaborate on Debbie Claytons emotional and psychological problem. But thither is a need to reiterate that it is his need for his fathers attention and a prominent need for a deeper relationship with his commence that made it easy for her to join Jonestown. A cult will offer the same sense of chumminess and a family for someone despairing for such emotional and psychological salve. Debbie adds that it is non exclusively his utter sense of failure and desperate need to connect with real people, but is also her background that prepared her to require Jim Jones.She wee-weed that she always had this deep felt need to please her father. And when her father was no longer there as the object of her childish affections, Jim Jones was ready to take his place. A Sense of Purpose Debbie Clayton needed inspection and repair so she bed set her priorities straight. She tells herself shes lost and she has open up the way when Jim Jones pointed to her the right way when he declared, sustain forward. Be a part of a fellowship that will work to rid our society of hatred, racism, and poverty. I am inviting you to join in a new beginning, a life you go off feel challenged by. by dint of my ministry you can help f igure out history (as cited in Clayton). And for Debbie it was hard to resist. The only problem here is that the cult leader was not there to fulfill Debbies dreams but kinda used her to fulfill his vision. Jim Jones knowingly or unknowingly made Debbie accept a new reality, that the cult leaders goals and aspirations are now her main priorities in life. A true leader will serve ad will make other people discover what they are meant to be and then support that person until he or she realizes their dreams. hinderanceThis is a very interesting aspect in the study of cults, in the case of Jim Jones and his interaction with Claytons and the posterior joining of Larry after three geezerhood Debbie Clayton joined the cult into the Jonestown biotic community. It must be understood that the hitch can be likened to a sign or an event that is so unlikely that the person could not help but argue that the cult leader is genuine and has the divine authority to lead. These signs can be w itnessed by the members or heard it as part of the history of the organization.Going back to the series of events that direct the Claytons in accepting the leadership and authority of Jim Jones, the first sign was Larrys seemingly miraculous exemption from being drafted in Vietnam, with the help of course from the charismatic leader. The second sign was the realization that Jim Jones was correct about his resister against the war in Vietnam, the third sign was knowing about Jones exploits such as being plant as a Director of a certain Human Rights commission when Jones was only 31 years old. The fourth sign was Jim Jones adopting three Korean orphans and having a Negro for an associate.For Debbie Clayton her confirmation was in knowing all of the above and in seeing a letter to Jim Jones that was singed by then Governor Ronald Reagan. One could only surmise what is going on in the minds of Larry and Debbie Clayton but their thought process could be similar to the one below ? Jim Jones is 100 percent genuine because he went to great lengths just so he can demonstrate his principles in action ? The letter exempting Larry from being drafted in Vietnam and Ronald Reagans letter validates Jones as a great leader and? A vibrant mixed congregation is irrefutable proof of his compassion and deep making love for the minorities who are usually treated as outcasts and second-class citizens in America. Inferences It is interesting to point out some of the ideas gleaned from Debbie Claytons narration of her experience inside Jonestown. Some of the more fascinating ideas that almost jumped out of the pages is the realization that cult members are not poor and that they are not uneducated, in fact many of them were really clean the college or university type.For instance one could easily tell that Larry, Carolyn, and Debbie are the sort that can afford to puddle a college degree and that their families had the factor to allow them to get what they want in life. Anoth er interesting thing that needs mentioning here is the idea that cult members will normally not dig deep replete to paint a coherent understanding of their doctrines etc. For instance Jim Jones claims to be Christian and yet he also teaches a form of reincarnation.A quick survey of Christian history and Jesus te suffers will reveal that it cannot mix with reincarnation that should have been a warning for Debbie but once the three aforesaid(prenominal) factors are in effect, the person would only hear what he or she wants to believe at that point. Terrorists It can be argued that those who wanted to join a terror group do not see themselves as terrorists. At least they see themselves as soldiers and freedom fighters. Although Jessica Stern pointed out that, developing a hotshot profile of self-annihilation bombers in nearly impossible (as cited in Stern), one can easily conclude that economic difficulties, politics and religion are the major factors that made them to join. It is n ot uncommon to discover that families of self-destruction bombers are taken cared of after their martyred sons successfully carried out a mission. On the religious side there is no need to elaborate as to its impact on the recruitment process. But it is interesting to point out some of the important aspects of Islam.First of all, Islams founder Mohammed was the first to use the ten virgins and promise of promised land as part of the perks and privileges of joining Islam. It is curious why Stern did not elaborate on this and instead went on trying to defend Islam as a non-violent religion when Stern herself quoted portions of the Koran justifying killing for the sake of achieving religious goals. The political aspect can be summarized in one word Israel. Their hatred for this comminuted nation is understandable but it is hard to believe that a person can kill himself but on the basis of political ideologies.This brings to the realization that religion and politics are seen as on e, the intermingling is hard to separate. This means that religious beliefs help shape their politics. Intense hatred for Israel can be explained by the constant fighting. But knowing that the Arabs hated Israel even when the nation was still in its fledgling state after arena War II plainly reveals that there anger is fueled by something more than the need for payback and this is because the Arabs were the first to strike. FanaticismIf terror groups and cults are compared and contrasted one fact becomes visible and it is their fanatical obsession with their individual organizations and blind obedience to their leaders. But here the similarities end. For cults there seems to be a pattern of first having found an answer to their deep emotional and psychological need. This is the point of entry for cult members. For the terror group on the other hand there may be also be a an emotional and psychological need but this is eclipsed by religion and politics.A cult member may later on e xpress love for the community but it can be argued that he or she is only doing so because the community is the source of love, affection, and the main reason why he or she can satisfy that aching emotional and psychological need. For the terror group on the other hand the reasons are less selfish. It is as if the recruitment process is being reversed. For the cult the self-help comes first that is why they will join the group.For the terror group, the community comes first and then self-help such as money for their families comes in as part of the perks and privileges. Deadly emotional state A cult may be characterized as a group that is fanatical about a certain set of beliefs. It can be religious or ideological and there is nothing wrong(p) with that. The Greenpeace Movement, a group of environmental activists can be as fanatic as the best of them but the only difference is that cult groups are in business because they want to save the person or the community.The terror group o n the other hand is focused on killing others. It can be argued that cults are capable of killing but it is not the usual pattern. On the other hand terror groups used murder and suicide bombings as their main tools. Frustrations One is bewildered by the lack of diplomacy. If Moslem radicals believe that they are in the right path and that their religion is the only path then why would they encourage their members to go on dialogue with their Western counterparts?It does not require a rocket scientist to realize that the more attacks on the U. S. mainland will only increase retribution. But this is just one of the major reasons why dialogue is needed. The more important reason why they must engage in dialogue is the childly fact that they are killing innocent civilians. Not only is their tactics not working to make the world aware of their plight as of recent history Afghanistan and Iraq were reduced to rubble by eonian fighting they are also killing those who have nothing to d o with Middle East politics. terminus It is fascinating to study the similarities of cults and terror groups. Both types of organizations or community require a charismatic leader and blind obedience to the same leader. But this is the point where their paths would diverge. The leader of the cult will help his members only because he wants them to make his dreams and aspirations their own. Thus the cult operates on a more personal level, each group characterized by the personality of the cult leader.Terror groups on the other hand specifically Islamic terror groups are bent on killing for the sake of forcing the issue. Cults are fanatical but murder and suicide bombings are not their main tools of choice. Works Cited Layton, Deborah. Seductive Poison A Jonestown Survivors history of Life and Death in the Peoples Temple. Doubleday, 1998. Smith, Paul. The Terrorism Ahead Confronting Transnational Violence in the Twenty First Century. M. E. Sharpe Publishers, 2008. Stern, Jessica. T error in the Name of God Why Religious Militants Kill. Harper Collins, 2003.

Musical Genre Classification of Audio Signals Essay Example for Free

symphonyal theater melodious style Classification of sound recording Signals EssayMusical genres be categorized by human. It depends on human hearing. there are putting green characteristics shared by categories. These characteristics are related to instrumentation, rhythmic structure, and concordant capacity of the harmony. Currently umpteen medication is still classified by manually. Automated system for euphonyal genre classification flock take to heart or replace manual work for classifying musical genre. In this paper, the automatic classification of auditory sensation signals into power structure of musical genres is explored. Three device characteristic sets for representing timbral grain, rhythmic content and twitch content are traind. Also propose classification through two-times KNN classification system and show enhancement of the true. Using two-time KNN classification method increases accuracy about 5% than one-time ++++KNN classification which two-time KNN classification accuracy is 77.9% and one-time KNN classification accuracy is 73.3%. ability Terms Music classification, feature extraction, wavelets, KNN classificationTable of Contents I. II. Introduction Music theoretical account music genre SegmentationIII. Feature Extraction A. Timbral Texture Features i. ii. iii. iv. B. Spectral shape features Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) Texture window Low-Energy featuresRhythmic FeaturesC. turn over Content Features IV. Classification V. Evaluation and Discussion VI. ReferencesI. Introduction Musical genres are categorized by human. It depends on human hearing. There are common characteristics shared by categories. These characteristics are related to instrumentation, rhythmic structure, and harmonic content of the music. Genre classification is magnified when music industry moved from CD to web. In web music is distributed in mountainous amount so importance of genre classification is magnified. Currently ma ny music is still classified by manually. Automated system for musical genre classification can assist or replace manual work for classifying musical genre. In era of web, it enabled to access large amount of all kinds of data such as music, movies, news and so on. Music database has been grown exponentially since first perceptual coders early in the 90s. As database grows it demanded in any casels that can enable search, retrieve and treat large amount of data. Classifying musical genre was great tool for searching, retrieving and handling large music database 1-3. There are several more method such as music emotion classification 4, stave tracking 5, preference recommendation 6, and etc.. Musical genres classification (MGC) are created and use for categorized and describe music. Musical genre has no precise definitions or boundaries because it iscategorized by human hearing. Musical genres classification are highly related to public marketing, historical and cultural factors. D ifferent countries and organizations have different genre lists, and they level off define the same genre with different definitions. So it is hard to define certain genres precisely. There is not an official specification of music genre until now. There are about 500 to 800 genres in music 7, 8. Some researchers suggested the definition of musical genres classification 9. After several attempt to define musical genres researchers judge out that it shares certain characteristics such as instrumentation, rhythmic structure, and pitch content. Genre hierarchies were created by human experts and they are currently used to classify music in the web. Auto MGC can earmark automating classifying process and provide important component for complete music information. The most significant proposal to specifically deal with this line was released in 2002 3. Several strategies dealing with related problems have been proposed in research areas. In this paper, automatic musical genre classif ication is proposed showed in Figure 1. For feature extraction, three sets of features for representing instrumentation (timberal), rhythmic content and pitch content are proposed.Figure 1 Automatic Musical Genre ClassificationII. Music Modeling Genre Segmentation An untrained and non-expert person can detect the genre of a call with accuracy of 72% by hearing three-second segmentation of the song 11. However computer is not design resembling human brain so it cant process MGC like human. Despite whole song may somehow influence the representativeness of feature, using whole song can extract most of features that music has. Also to extract short segment of music for automation system is unsuited for the purpose because difficultness of finding exact time of music that represents genre of music. Without research finding certain section of music representing its characteristic using whole song to modeling is proper way to MGC. There are too many music genres used in web 7, 8. Clas sification genre has to besimplified and in this paper proposed genres which are popular used in MP3 players in the market.Figure 2 Taxonomy of Music GenreIII. Feature Extraction Feature extraction is the process of computing numerical representation that can be used to characterize segment of audio and classify its genre. Digital music file contains data sampled from parallel audio signal. It has huge data size compared to its actual information. Features are thus extracted from audio signal to suffer more meaningful information and reduce the over-loading processing. For feature extraction three sets of features for representing instrumentation (timberal), rhythmic content and pitch content will be used 3.1. Timbral Texture Features The features used to represent timbre texture are based on the features proposed inspeech recognition. The following specific features are usually used to represent timbre texture. Spectral shape features 1-3 Spectral shape features are computed dir ectly from the power spectrum of an audio signal frame, describing the shape and characteristics of the power spectrum. The calculated features are based on the short time Fourier translate (STFT) and are calculated for every short-time frame of sound. There are several ways to extract feature with spectral shape feature. 1. Spectral centroid is centroid of the magnitude spectrum of STFT and its measure of spectral brightness.

Professional Ethical Standards Essay Example for Free

nonrecreational estimable Standards EssayThis paper intends to look into the professional code of ethics of detectives, a c arer which I am most likely to pursue later.A Career in Criminal Justice that Interests Me I am most likely to become a guilty research worker. This is probably the career in criminal jurist that I am most likely to pursue as it interests me greatly.Job Description for the Position An police detective try outs study, analyzes it, and provides it to authorities like lawyers, for instance (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n. p.). He or she looks for clues that whitethorn help uncover facts, ab prohibited lawful, criminal, financial, or personal matters (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). An investigator has so many services to offer including executive, corporate, and celebrity resistance pre-employment verification and individual background profiles (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.).He or she whitethorn withal cover the next comp uter crimes, such as identity theft, harassing e-mails, and illegal downloading of copyrighted material (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). In extension to that, they also provide the quest assistance in criminal and civil liability cases, insurance claims and fraud, sm exclusively fry custody and protection cases, missing persons cases, and premarital screening (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). Plus, they also provideingly help out in cases wherein infidelity should be established (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). An investigator operations around in computers often as their work involves recovery of de allowed emails recovery of deleted documents getting evidences that will prove prior arrests/convictions, civil legal judgments, telephone numbers, motor vehicle registrations, association/club memberships, as well as, photographs (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). Part of their work is to go on surveillance or search, for instance, they research o n how much an individual is making or where he or she works by calling or visiting the workplace of the individual they also pretend to be somebody else just to carry this out (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). He or she whitethorn also install photographic and video cameras, binoculars, and bugs on phones, and others that investigators often use for surveillance purposes to gather spread abroadation on an individual (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). Meanwhile, the duties and responsibilities of an investigator is dependent upon the needs of the clients, if for instance, he or she is investigating a case on fraud, then he or she will stick to this for as long as the client wants or until the case is considered closed (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). Furthermore, investigators have certain specializations and some of these are the following 1) intellectual property theft, wherein their task is to investigate and document acts of piracy, help clients stop ill egal activity, and provide intelligence activity for prosecution and civil action 2) others specialize in developing financial profiles and asset searches wherein their reports reflect information self-possessed through interviews, investigation and surveillance, and research, including review of frequent documents 3) others are neckn as Computer rhetorical investigators who specialize in recovering, analyzing, and presenting data from computers for use in investigations or as evidence and they determine the elaborate of intrusions into computer systems, recover data from encrypted or erased files, and recover e-mails and deleted passwords and 4) legal investigators who assist in the preparation of criminal defenses, locating of witnesses serving of legal documents, interviewing police and prospective witnesses, and gathering and reviewing evidence and they may also may collect information on the parties to the litigation, take photographs, testify in court, and assemble evide nce and reports for trials (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008, n.p.). workal Code of Ethics The professional code of ethics of investigators entails the following First of all, they are cause to seek the truth (South Carolina tie-in of lawful Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Second, they are supposed to be fair and just at all times (South Carolina standoff of licit Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Third, they are supposed to treat others nicely (South Carolina stand of sound Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Fourth, they are not supposed to use their power in a manner that is abusive (South Carolina connective of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Even if they are authorized to investigate on a certain case or issue, they are still obliged to follow the Federal, State, and Local laws (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Fifth, they are also obliged to know how to collect evidence properly so that they do not compromise its admissibility in court (South Carolina As sociation of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Sixth, they should be generous enough to cooperate with other investigators and other professionals especially in the stand in of information and experience so long as the interest of his client are not compromised (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Seventh, they are not allowed to flaunt their works and skills in an un respectable way which may breach/lessen the dignity and honor of his profession (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Eighth, they are obliged to inform the public (if necessary) how they may laugher a role in serving justice (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Ninth, they may be allowed to express their own opinion but only based on the facts that they have gathered (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Tenth, they may not disclose, relate or betray, in any fashion, the trust or confidence placed in them b y clients, employers, or associates without consent (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Eleventh, they may not advocate, recommend, overlook or partake, in any fashion or degree, for any purpose whatsoever, in riding horse up another individual (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Twelfth, they cannot bring a certain case/ grant if a personal conflict of interest lies therein (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Thirteenth, they are obliged to inform their client what they are going to do exactly to solve the case/assignment and will tell the client what their charges/payments are for in a detailed manner (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Fourteenth, they shall refrain from utilize techniques or methods that may endanger the lives of other people (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Fifteenth, they are prohibited to let their personal emo tions and judgments meddle with factual and truthful disclosures on the assignments (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Sixteenth, they are not allowed to at a time or indirectly injure the professional reputation, prospects or practice of another investigator (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Seventeenth, he or she is obliged to report an investigator who is guilty of unethical, illegal or unfair practices or designs and he or she will present this information to the proper authority for action (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.). Last but not least, they are prohibited to criticize another investigators work except in the proper forum for technical discussion and critique (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.).Unique good Standards for the Profession There are several unique ethical standards for the aforementioned profession and these are the followingThey cannot ac cept a certain case/assignment if a personal conflict of interest lies therein (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.).They are supposed to be fair and just at all times (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.).They are supposed to treat others nicely (South Carolina Association of Legal Investigators, n.d., n.p.).Two Examples of Potential Ethical Dilemmas Specific to this Profession and the Code of Ethics that it Meant to Discourage If for instance, an investigator is requested to investigate a charr who is thought to be cheating his husband and the woman happened to be a former girlfriend of the investigator who was cheated upon before may pursue the case not for the sake of proving or disproving infidelity but the investigator may just pursue it for the sake of vindication and vengeance. Since there is a conflict of interest, the case may only be jeopardized. Another example that may pose as a potential ethical dilemma thats specif ic to this profession is this if an investigator happens to meet a person who may play a large role in the closure of a certain case he is workings on and the person does not want to cooperate fully, then the investigator may be obliged to treat the individual unfairly, for instance, he may harass the person just so the individual will help him with his case.References Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2008). Private Detectives and Investigators. Retrieved April 6, 2008 fromhttp//www.bls.gov/oco/content/ocos157.stmSouth Carolina Association of Legal Investigators. (n.d.). Code of Ethics. Retrieved April 6, 2008 fromhttp//www.scalinv.com/ethics.htm

Introduction To Social Work Practice

Introduction To aff fitting Work PracticeA referral has been made by the PSNI because they atomic number 18 concerned nigh two kidren suppurated 18 months and 4 grades old following their attendance at an incident of domestic force-out the previous Saturday evening. Area Child Protection Committee (ACPC,2005, 9.25) acres Child vindication is every hotshots business . Gateway teams control been established inside the five Health and hearty C are Trusts in Northern Ireland, to deal with in t break ensemble referrals both from professionals and members of the public who are concerned about a tikes well being. kind puzzle out is a profession that embraces the principles of The Human Rights Act 1998(HRA). The Children couch (Northern Ireland) 1995 (Order 1995) underpins whole aspects of the index fingers and duties of the companionable tame mandate governed by affectionate mold law. The Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC) label of practice reflect professio n ethical and values which are intertwined with law, societal values and are at the heart of how actors conduct their practice.Article 66 of the Children Order places a duty on region players to investigate every allegations or suspicions of abuse potential to cause harm to a fry. The Family Homes and DV (Northern Ireland) Order 1998 has been incorporated into the Children Order. Article 12 A, identifies the risk of harm to a child from witnessing DV, (Order, 1995). The social work role is to assess and intervene if a child is in affect or at risk of significant harm.Article 17 of the Order defines a child in need as unlikely to achieve or maintain a reasonable standard of health or training without the provision of services by the Health and Social Services Trust or if the child is disabled (Order, 1995).Upon recite of this referral the role player must take meter to tune in to the potential risks and appropriate action as a result of this information. The worker necessit ate to contact the PSNI and clarify the details of the referral including the severity of the DV. Multi-agency working is a key function of social work in the area of child protection and unfat dental plated to discernment of risk. Joint working protocols exist in the midst of the PSNI and workers in Northern Ireland. The lone working policies acknowledge, violence against workers is not unheard of and the PSNI result accompany the worker to enable them to carry out the initial assessment if needed. NI is a country emerging from action however, stereotypical attitudes and beliefs about the PSNI and some members of the community are deep rooted. The worker necessarily to assess how s/he can proceed safely.According to the Order 1995, the welfare of the child is paramount. Social workers try to work positive relationships with parents and families. The Article 8 European Convention of Human Rights offers, protection for a persons private and family life, family and insureenc e from arbitrary encumbrance by the State, (www.your right-hand(a)s.org).An over authoritarian approach may serve to alien parents just this does not mean the worker takes unnecessary risks regarding her own or differents safety, (NISCC, 2004, 4.3).The social worker is betray to screen details of the people involved against the e-information system and the child protection register (CPR), for current or previous social service involvement. Names of the children need to be entered individually it is not uncommon for one child in a family to be registered and another not. If the family or children have had previous involvement with social services and the illustration is now closed the manual records need to be accessed and read. If the worker has any equivocalness about the interpretation of the information, clarity must be sought with the principal social worker or whoever is the relevant party.Workers are accountable for the quality of their work. (NISCC, 2004,6.0) At prese nt the worker has no way of identifying the level of risk posed to these two children. DV is a contributory factor in half of all the sedate case reviews and 75% of the cases on the child protection register. (Hester, et al.1998).When all background information is gathered the worker of necessity to communicate her purposes both in writing and verbally to the supervisor/team leader/manager, whom in turn has ultimate responsibility for prioritising the referral based on the available information.Failure to follow the risk assessment policies and procedures and effectively use information can have fatal consequences for the service user. If this referral was to result in a child/ren getting harmed the social work could be held personally culpable. Ignorance is not an excuse, (Stafford and Hardy 1996 cited Calder, 2003, p.8).Brearley, 1982, suggests risk is mensurable by the likelihood of the variation of possible outcomesPast knowledge provides a reasonable basis for prospicience o f harm. Stafford and Hardy (1996 cited Calder, 2002, p.8.)The Children Order, Cooperating to Safeguard Children, 2003 and Our Children and Young People Our Shared Responsibility, 2006-2016 expressagees the need for workers and all professionals to communicate. Partnership recognises the expertise of other professionals and agencies, including the parents when it comes to the protection of children. (NISCC, 2004,6.7)The ACPC policy states achild must be seen and spoken to by the worker within 24 hours and that an initial assessment of need is completed within 7 working days of receiving the referral (ACPC,2005,para 9.25).The worker testament undertake the initial assessment with the family. Milner and O Byrne (2002) describe social work as a goal directed activity. The worker needs to know the possible impact of DV on the health and breachment of children this age and be able to recognise the signs and symptoms of abuse.The NISCC code of practice states a worker needs to adequatel y prepare and plan all aspects of work, (NISCC, 2004 6.4).According to Parker and Bradley, (2003) assessment is a ratio between art and science. there are no scientific tools, which can predict human behaviour or eliminate risks totally. Social work training and education equip social workers with the knowledge and expertnesss to practice. (NISCC, 2004)The social work profession is grounded in the humanistic principles before any direct interaction takes place the worker needs to reflect on what the serious nature of what she is intending to do.In the area of child protection there is a considerable power imbalance between the worker and service user. The worker is effectively calling the competency of the parents into question. Workers could expect parents to be less than welcoming. It is hardly surprising given the invasiveness and instructiveness of the investigative role of child protection.People may smell out intimidated and fearful that their children big businessman be taken into care. This can result in hostility, anger and acrimony towards the worker. (Adams, et al, 2009 p224).According to sodbuster and Owen, (1995) Mullender, (1996) and (Mc Williams and Mc Kiernan (1995), DV is always about power and control. Their research is overwhelmingly based on male to female abuse but they do acknowledge the existence of violence against men and reciprocatory violence. The worker needs to be consciously aware of this and respect the marginalized and vulnerable position of victim and maltreater of DV. The worker needs to modify her own practice to address these issues sensitively and in a style that will not further the oppression of the victim.Various trains of thought exist as to whether empathy is a quality trait or a learned skill that develops through continuous practice but it is of import that the worker understand the importance of the perspective of the service user. Schulman 1984(cited in Cournoyer. p.22) states,Preparatory empathy involves putting yourself in the clients dress and trying to view the world through their eyes.Beckett and Maynard (2005) believe in the name of respect, parents have a right to know why their family is being investigated and why the worker wants to see and speak to their children. Informing the parents of their rights, including their right to complain, taking time to explain the investigation process and taking time to actively listen to parents and encouraging them to express their views will at least go in some way to upholding public trust and say-so in the social work profession. The involvement of the gateway worker will be time limited. If this family need further intervention the gateway worker needs to set the precedence for further social work involvement. If a family have a negative experience of one social worker they are likely to perceive all social workers to behave the same. Cleaver, et al (1995) stresses the need for the worker to be open and candid from the start of t he process, if any trust is to be established.Much of the assessment relies on participation of the parent, without which the worker will have great difficulty making an accurate assessment and as a result the children or the family may not get the substantiate they need and the appropriate intervention to either meet their needs or keep them safe. (Parker and Bradley, 2003)In the spirit of social justice and ethical practice holding the balance between the safety of the children, the importance of family life to a child and the need to avoid unnecessary interference underpins every part of the Childrens Order as it applies in practice (Children Order, 1995).Professional ethics requires the worker to unfavorable reflect at every stage of the process in order to think logically and make sense of what is happening.Awareness of their own prejudices and discriminatory attitudes and a willingness to challenge them means the worker can suffer to approach this family in a genuine and an ti oppressive manner. According to Preston-Shoot and Agass (1990, p38)reactions can be rigid by the workers own personal history and current emotional experiences.A worker who has grown up in a home where DV has been an issue may have very different feelings compared to a social worker who has never had personal experience of DV.Workers have a professional duty under the NISCC codes of practices and in the interests of social justice not to just maintain but promote the dignity and worth of all services users. Banks (2006, p3) states, Professional values need to distinguish between personal values. If the worker has concerns she can explore them through supervision either with her team or senior.Pauline Hardiker has developed the single assessment framework tool for assessing the needs of children-Understanding Needs of Children in Northern Ireland (UNOCINI) tool. The UNOCINI adopts an holistic view to assessing the needs of children. It has three interlinked areas of assessment. The needs of the child, the capacity of their parents to meet their needs and the wider family and environmental factors, such(prenominal) as employment and housing issues are assessed as having an impact the childs life and well being. Our Young People Our Shared Responsibility, 2006-2016 is the Governments Ten Year Strategys pledge, which reflects the prevention through early intervention social policy ethos and parental responsibility and partnership principles of the Children Order are fundamental to the UNOCINI. Social workers have an ethical commitment, to promote social justice and equality to support parents in need, to mother up their children.The convey is early identification of need, purposeful intervention, with the objective of preventing difficulties escalating and promoting the strengths and resilience of the family. Threshold of needs correspond with risk. The thinking behind this is to promote a personad understanding between professionals to identify concerns, risk, needs and strengths, particularly in the area of communication. DV is cited in threshold three of needs, (DHSSPSNI, 2007).Mullender et al, (2004) believes children face three risks the risk of observing traumatic events, the risk of being abused themselves, and the risk of being neglected.Jean Paiget (1896-1980) is instrumental in constructing the idea that well-grounded children develop through a serious of ordered sequences, known as milestones. No two children will follow exactly the same pattern but it would be reasonable to expect that a child of 18 months would be starting to talk, walk and explore their environment. A 4-year-old would be able to walk, talk in sentences, and be out of nappies. Osofsky, (2004,p4) stresses, Trauma due to domestic violence interferes with a childs development. Mullender et al (2004) whilst agreeing with Osofsky suggests that protective factors, such as a supportive not violent adult, a placid temperament and the childs young age and lack of ability to climb appreciate what is happening might help reduce the risks to children. She does point out that each child is different and will respond differently. Professional ethics and values of the social work profession emphases the need to treat each child as an individual (NISCC, 2004, 1.1).The key factors in the parenting and child domain are basic care, ensuring safety, emotional warmth, stimulation, guidance and boundaries and stability. (Howarth, 2004,p24)A report by Davenport in 1984 cited in Howarth (2004) discovered DV has a very negative impact on the mental health of the victim. Parents are more(prenominal) likely to respond with irritability and anger or fail to respond at all, rendering them emotionally unavailable to their children.Attachment theory believes that if a childs primary attachment is damaged in the first or second year of their life they are at significantly increased risk of developing problems posterior in life.Fahlberg (1991, p.64) statesTh e primary t supplicate to be accomplished during the first year of life is for the baby to develop trust in others and explore their environment children growing up in a violent syndicate may be too frightened to show inquisitiveness.Humphreys et al (2006) explored the emotional turmoil of children drawn into alive(p) in the violence difference the child confused and afraid and the parent undermined as a valued human being in their own eyes and the in the eyes of the child.Humphreys has also drawn prudence presumed attitudes that expect all mothers to love their children and treat them the same. The child that looks like the abuser or the child that is natural as a result of rape may be more vulnerable to harm than the child who is none of these things.Maslows higher hierarchy of needs believes that a child needs to feel safe and have a sense of belongingness within their family if they are to achieve their full potential, (Hoghughi and Long, 2004). Without this they are unli kely to achieve their full potential.Smale and Tuson, (1993 cited Coulshed and Orme 1998) recommend the exchange model where all people are seen as experts on their own problems and the focus is on the exchange of information rather than the worker being the expert.Listening is a core skill of any communication process. Social workers have been ridiculed in the past for their know it all approach, often leaving families stigmatised and traumatised because of their investigations but without any purposeful intervention.Lord Lamming (Laming report, 2003 cited in Wilson and James, 2008, p.254) following the death of Victoria Climbe, is clear that theaim of communication with children or about children is to gain a comprehensive understanding of a day in the life of a child.Children may engage through play. The worker could ask the child what TV programmes they bear or who makes dinner or puts them to bed. DV is not just about controlling people it involves controlling the theater mo vements. The social worker needs to maintain vigilance for any visible signs of injury and needs to ask the child what happened.Workers should engage parents at every stage of the process. The worker needs to ask the parents permission to share and collate the information however, regardless if they agree or not the information will need to be shared in the interest of child protection.All social work involvement needs to be proportionate to the age and developmental needs of the children and the nature and severity of the risks, concerns and strengths of the individual child and their respective family.Farmer and Owen, (1995, p79) has highlighted thatin the face of allegations couples often from a defensive alliance against outside agencies.They may have conflicting and confusing feelings of love and hate towards each other. Thompson,(2006) advised couples often have multiple truths of events and experiences. This advises the worker not to be drawn into giving personal judgements or opinions.Thompson,(2006) focuses on the personal, cultural and structural model of oppression, (PCS) which might explain why women do not leave. Dobash and Dobash, (1979 cited in Cleaver, 1999) suggest that on a personal level women feel shame and guilt they know their children are affected and they dont report DV or seek support because they fear they will not be believed or that they may be killed for reporting it. The impact of violence can lead to the woman feeling worthless and isolated.Culturally women are brought up from childhood to be caretakers, to comfort others and as a result of this they may believe that they are responsible for the abusers attacks, if they were a give out wife, mother, cook, and then the violence would stop. The patriarchal nature of society often sees many women dependant for finance on a man. Thompson (2006) remarks, bring a child up in poverty is not impossible but it is hard.Structurally, the lack of affordable housing and a lack of confidence in the legal system are barriers that prevent women from leaving an abusive partner. Family Homes and DV (Northern Ireland) Order 1998,Article 29 gives courts the power to remove an suspected abuser from the family home instead of removing the children. (Children Order, 1995) but this does not guarantee safety.The new Government have warned of social welfare get laid backs the worker has to balance the needs of the family against available scarce recourses. Banks (2003 p101) states,a worker needs to be able to challenge agency policies and practicesProfessional code of ethics along with education will have a role to play in this.A worker needs time to complete an accurate assessment. solemn caseloads and a lack of resources have contributed to failure to protect in the past.Empowerment is about actively finding ways that the victim can make use of intervention to help themselves move towards the survivor role and care and their children without the support of the state.Conclusion Accurate, precise recording are vitally important to child protection and helps build the picture of childrens lives. The risks and strengths posed to them will provide the basis for shared understanding, analysis, decision-making and plans about the children and their family.The social worker on the Gateway team is responsible for drawing all the strands of information together. Health visitors, GP, PSNI, extended family all hold key pieces of information that could protect these children. The Gateway team is responsible for convening the initial case conference. All stakeholders need to contribute.Similar treads of poor communication, lack of interagency working and inaccurate recording, has consistently reappeared throughout serious-minded Case Reviews. In 1973 Maria Colwell aged 7 was beaten to death by her stepfather. In 2007 Arthur Mc Enhill set fire to his home killing his whole family, 7 in total and the same year 17month old Peter Connolly died after suffering horrific abu se. Domestic violence was a key birth in all of these tragedies.Pemberton, (2010, p17) advises,Patterns in social history and behaviour can be detected and something, which may appear insignificant in isolation, can be identified as a key warning sign in contextWord Count 3244